General German Industrial Exhibition
German 19th century exhibition hall
48°08′32″N 11°33′53″E / 48.14222°N 11.56472°E / 48.14222; 11.56472The General German Industrial Exhibition was designed to demonstrate German industry to a global audience, but was adversely impacted by a cholera epidemic.[1]
It ran from 15 July 1854[2] until 15 October.[3] There more than 5,000 visitors a day[2] with more than 90,000 visitors on the first day.[3]
Building
The building, the Glaspalast, followed the architecture of The Crystal Palace three years earlier in London.[4] It was made of glass and cast iron, over two levels inspired. It had two stories and over 234 by 67 m (768 by 220 ft) of floor area, and was 25 m (82 ft) tall.[3]
Cholera
There had been global cases of cholera (the third cholera pandemic before the festival, but the risk of it was downplayed and the exhibition[2] and a concurrent festival still took place.[1] By August the epidemic hit Munich, 3,000 people eventually died of cholera and some contracting it at the exhibition including a woman from Thaining visiting Munich to see the exhibit.[1]
Medals
The medals showed Maximilian II on the obverse and the Glaspalast on reverse. They were designed by Carl Friedrich Voigt [da].[5]
Legacy
The Glaspalast had been intended to be used as a botanic garden, but was used for exhibitions which helped establish Munich's reputation,[6] until it burned in 1931.[5] The fountain was moved to the Haidhausen quarter.
References
- ^ a b c Wagner, Meike, PERFORMING IN CRISIS MODE: THE MUNICH NATIONAL THEATER, THE GREAT EXHIBITION AND THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC OF 1854
- ^ a b c War, bombs, cholera • Oktoberfest.de - The Official Website for the Oktoberfest in Munich, retrieved 5 May 2021
- ^ a b c "1854_Munich" (PDF). Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- ^ "Crystal Palace | Description, History, & Facts | Britannica". Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Bayern Maximilian 1854 Industrie + Gewerbeausstellung" (in German). Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Kunstpavillon - Über den Kunstpavillon" (in German). Archived from the original on 22 April 2007. Retrieved 5 May 2021.
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List of world's fairs in Germany
- 1854 General German Industrial Exhibition
- 1890 Nord West Deutsche Gewerbe und Industrie Ausstellung (Bremen)
- 1891 International Electrotechnical Exhibition (Frankfurt)
- 1896 Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin
- 1898 Kraft und Arbeitsmaschinen (Munich)
- 1907 Internationale Kunst Ausstellung (Mannheim)
- 1911 International Hygiene Exhibition (Dresden)
- 1914 Werkbund Exhibition (Cologne)
- 1926 Internationale Polizeiausstellung (Berlin)
- 1927 Werkbund Exhibition – The Dwelling (Stuttgart)
- 1928 Pressa (Cologne)
- 1937 Reichsausstellung Schaffendes Volk (Düsseldorf)
- 1937 Ausstellung (Berlin)
- 1939 Deutsche Kolonial Ausstellung (Dresden)
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