Grand Prince Yangnyeong

Former Crown Prince of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea
Yi Je
이제
Crown Prince of Joseon
Tenure6 August 1404 – 3 June 1418[1]
PredecessorCrown Prince Yi Bang-won
SuccessorCrown Prince Yi Do
Born1394
Hanseong, Joseon
DiedOctober 8, 1462(1462-10-08) (aged 67–68)
Burial
Sangdo-dong, Dongjak District, Seoul, South Korea
WifePrincess Consort Suseong of the Gwangsan Kim clan
ClanJeonju Yi clan
DynastyHouse of Yi
FatherTaejong of Joseon
MotherQueen Wongyeong of the Yeoheung Min clan
ReligionNeo-confucianism
Korean name
Hangul
양녕대군
Hanja
讓寧大君
Revised RomanizationYangnyeong Daegun
McCune–ReischauerYangnyŏng Taegun
Birth name
Hangul
이제
Hanja
李禔
Revised RomanizationYi Je
McCune–ReischauerYi Che
Courtesy name
Hangul
후백
Hanja
厚伯
Revised RomanizationHubaek
McCune–ReischauerHubaek
Posthumous name
Hangul
강정
Hanja
剛靖
Revised RomanizationGangjeong
McCune–ReischauerKangjŏng

Grand Prince Yangnyeong (Korean: 양녕대군; Hanja: 讓寧大君; 1394 – 8 October 1462[2]) was the former Crown Prince of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. He was the first son of King Taejong and his wife, Queen Wongyeong. Yangnyeong was the elder brother of Sejong the Great, and an ancestor of Syngman Rhee, an independence activist and the first President of South Korea.

Biography

He was born as Yi Je (이제; 李禔) in 1394. Originally his father appointed him as the Crown Prince but he eventually executed Queen Wongyeong's brothers and in the 18th year of his reign replaced prince Yangnyeong with his third son prince Chungnyeong as his successor.[3] Known for his literature and calligraphy skills, the former Crown Prince lacked in the requisite skills for kingship and acted extremely rude in court. On May 1415, he caused a scandal when he had an affair with Chogungjang, the kisaeng of his uncle and former king, Jeongjong. Yangnyeong was unaware that Chogungjang was his uncle's woman.[4] On 15 February 1417, Yangnyeong secretly brought in Eori, the concubine of Gwak Seon, into the palace. She later became pregnant with the crown prince's child. Due to Yangnyeong's behavior, King Taejong dethroned Crown Prince Yangnyeong from the role of the crown prince on 3 June 1418.[5] Grand Prince Hyoryeong, Yangnyeong's second brother, had similar feelings about Chungyeong being king, and so he became a monk in a Buddhist temple. It is possible that King Taejong’s willingness to execute troublesome family members helped to encourage his first two sons to step aside, allowing King Taejong's third and favorite son to become King Sejong. This plot ultimately brought Sejong to the throne. Later, Yangnyeong became a wandering traveler and lived in the mountains.[6]

After Sejong had taken the throne, the relationship between the brothers became strong, and Sejong often invited Yangnyeong to the palace.

Yangnyeong lived as a wanderer and died in 1462, almost living for 68 years.[7]

The tomb of Prince Yangneong was reopened in 2018 to the public after 18 years of closure.[8]

Family

  1. Princess Consort Suseong of the Gwangsan Kim clan (수성군부인 김씨) (1395 - 1456)[a]
    1. Princess Jaeryeong (재령군주) or Princess Jeonui (전의현주; 1405 – 1444)
    2. Princess Yangcheon (영천군주; 1412 – 5 April 1502)
    3. Yi Gae, Prince Sunseong (이개 순성군; 1414 – 2 September 1462)
    4. Yi Po, Prince Hamyang (이포 함양군; 1416 – 21 June 1475)
    5. Yi Hye, Prince Seosan (이혜 서산군; 1422 – 10 April 1451)
    6. Princess Yeongpyeong (영평현주) (1424 - ?)
    7. Princess Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (현주 이씨) (1426 - ?)
    8. Princess Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (현주 이씨) (1432 - ?)
  2. Kisaeng Bong Ji-ryeon (기생 봉지련)
  3. Unknown concubine (1400 - ?)
    1. Yi Sim (이심) (1409 - ?)
    2. Lady Yi (1420 - ?)
    3. Yi Sun (이순) (1445 - 1509)
    4. Lady Yi (1445 - ?)
    5. Lady Yi (1447 - ?)
    6. Lady Yi (1449 - ?)
    7. Yi Sun (이순) (1445 - 1509)
    8. Yi Gwang-seok (이광석) (1449 - ?)
    9. Yi Gwang-geun (이광근) (1451 - ?)
  4. Kisaeng Eori (기생 어리) (1398 - ?)
    1. Princess Yi Ae-jung (현주 이애중) (1414 - ?)
  5. Kisaeng Cho Gung-jang (기생 초궁장) (1385 - ?)
  6. Kisaeng Jeonghyang (기생 정향)
  7. Kisaeng Chil Jeom-saeng (기생 칠점생)
  8. Unknown concubine (1410 - ?)
    1. Yi Gyeom (이겸) (1434 - ?)
    2. Yi Heun (이흔) (1438 - ?)
    3. Yi Seong (이성) (1439 - ?)
    4. Lady Yi (1440 - ?)
  9. Unknown slave (1435 - ?)
    1. Lady Yi
    2. Princess Yi Gu-ji (현주 이구지) (1457 - ?)
  10. Unknown concubine (1437 - ?)
    1. Lady Yi (1454 - ?)
    2. Lady Yi (1456 - ?)
    3. Lady Yi (1458 - 1509)
    4. Princess Yi Geon-yi (현주 이건이) (1460 - ?)
    5. Lady Yi (1465 - ?)

Popular culture

Notes

  1. ^ Family Search tree (registration required)

References

  1. ^ In lunar calendar
  2. ^ In lunar calendar, the Grand Prince died on 7 September 1462
  3. ^ Yi, Pae-Yong (2008). Women in Korean History 한국 역사 속의 여성들. Ewha Womans University Press. ISBN 9788973007721.
  4. ^ "[이기환의 흔적의 역사] 태종이 밝힌 양녕대군 폐세자 이유, "대체 너 땜에 몇명이 죽었냐"". Kyunghyang Shinmun (in Korean). 13 June 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  5. ^ Park, Hong-Kyu (December 22, 2006). "King Taejong as a statesman: From power to authority". Korea Journal. 46 (4). Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  6. ^ Naver Encyclopedia, "양녕대군 [讓寧大君, 1394~1462]", Naver"
  7. ^ Naver Encyclopedia, "양녕대군 [讓寧大君, 1394~1462]", Naver"
  8. ^ "Tomb of Grand Prince Yangnyeong to reopen to public in 18 years". The Dong-a Ilbo. Retrieved 2019-11-24.

External links

  • Prince Yangnyeong:Korean historical person information Archived 2012-06-15 at the Wayback Machine (in Korean)
  • Prince Yangnyeong:Navercast (in Korean)
  • Prince Yangnyeong (in Korean)

References

  • Kim Haboush, JaHyun and Martina Deuchler (1999). Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674179820; OCLC 40926015
  • Lee, Peter H. (1993). Sourcebook of Korean Civilization, Vol. 1. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231079129; ISBN 9780231079143; ISBN 9780231104449; OCLC 26353271
  • Lee Bae-yong (2008). Women in Korean History. Seoul: Ewha Womans University Press. ISBN 9788973007721
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