List of wars in the Low Countries until 1560
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Spanish_Netherlands.svg/220px-Spanish_Netherlands.svg.png)
This is a list of premodern wars that occurred in the Low Countries until 1560.
- For subsequent wars in the north, see List of wars involving the Dutch Republic (1560–1795) and List of wars involving the Netherlands (1795–present).
- For subsequent wars in the south, see
- List of wars in the southern Low Countries (1560–1829)
- List of wars involving Belgium (1830–present)
- List of wars involving Luxembourg (1890–present).
List
Start | Finish | Name of conflict | Belligerents | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | ||||
58 BCE | 50 BCE | Gallic Wars | Roman Republic | Gallic tribes Germanic tribes Celtic Britons Iberian tribes | Decisive Roman victory
|
54 BCE | 53 BCE | Ambiorix's revolt (part of the Gallic Wars) | Roman Republic | Eburones | Roman victory
|
12 BCE | 16 CE | Early Imperial campaigns in Germania (including the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest) | Roman Empire | Germanic tribes | Strategic Germanic victory
|
28 | 28 | Battle of Baduhenna Wood | Roman Empire | Frisii | Indecisive; tactical Frisian victory
|
47 | 47 | Gannascus' revolt | Roman Empire | Cananefates Chauci Frisii | Roman victory
|
69 | 70 | Revolt of the Batavi | Roman Empire | Batavi Cananefates Frisii Lingones Treveri | Roman victory
|
286 | 296 | Carausian Revolt | Roman Empire | ![]() Franks | Roman victory
|
c.445 | c.450 | Frankish conquest of Turnacum and Cameracum[2] | Roman Empire | Salian Franks | Frankish victory |
448 | 448 | Battle of Vicus Helena | Roman Empire | Salian Franks | Roman victory |
c.450 | c.450 | Battle of Finnsburg? | Frisii | Danes | Danish victory |
c.525 | c.525 | Battle on the Rhine [nl]? | Frankish Empire Frisii? | Danes | Frankish victory |
600 | 793 | Frisian–Frankish wars | Frankish Empire | Frisian Kingdom | Frankish victory
|
715 | 718 | Frankish Civil War (715–718) | Carolingian faction (Austrasian) Charles Martel Chlothar IV (717–718) Pippinid faction (Austrasian) | Neustrian faction Ragenfrid Dagobert III (†715) Chilperic II Redbad of Frisia (716–718) Odo of Aquitaine (independent until 718) | Carolingian victory
|
772 | 804 | Saxon Wars | Frankish Empire Obotrite Confederacy | Saxons Frisians | Frankish victory
|
834 | 891 | Viking raids in the Rhineland | Vikings | Frankish Empire, splitting into: | Frankish victory
|
978 | 980 | Franco-German war | Holy Roman Empire | West Francia | Status quo ante bellum |
987 | 991 | Charles-Hugh Capet war | Lower Lotharingia | Kingdom of France | French Victory |
1012 | 1018 | Lower Lorrainian war of succession[3] | County of Verdun![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Verdun victory
|
1018 | 1018 | Battle of Vlaardingen | West Frisia (later County of Holland) | ![]() | West Frisian victory
|
1037 | 1037 | Odo II invasion of Lotharingia | County of Champagne | Lower and Upper Lotharingia under Gothelo I | ●Battle of Bar-le-Duc : death of Odo ●Holy Roman Empire victory |
1044 | 1056 | Revolts of Godfrey the Bearded | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Compromise
|
1070 | 1071 | War of the Flemish succession (1070–1071) | ![]() West Frisia (later County of Holland) | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | West Frisian victory
|
1076 | 1076 | Battle of IJsselmonde [nl] | West Frisia (later County of Holland) | ![]() | West Frisian victory
|
1101 | 1115 | Wars of Henry of Lower Lorraine | Pro Henry Lower Lotharingia Holy Roman empire (1104-1106) | Pro Godfrey Lower Lotharingia Holy Roman empire (1101-1104 and 1006-1115) | Godfrey I, Count of Louvain remain Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Henry became count of Limburg |
1102 | 1105 | German-Flemish war | County of Flanders | Holy Roman Empire | Status quo ante bellum |
1127 | 1128 | War of the Flemish succession (1127–1128) | ![]() | ![]() | Theoderican victory
|
1128 | 1131 | Godfrey-Waleran war | Pro Godfrey Lower Lotharingia | Pro Waleran Lower Lotharingia | •Battle of Wilderen : Waleran victory•Waleran became duke of Lower Lotharingia •Godfrey renonce his title and went to the abbey of Affligem |
1132 | 1297 | West Frisian Wars [nl][4][5][6] | ![]() | West Frisians | Hollandic victory
|
1139 | 1140 | Rebellion of Henry II of Limburg | Pro Henry Lower Lotharingia | Pro Godfrey Lower Lotharingia | •Godfrey victory, he remain duke of Lower lotharingia |
1139 | 1159 | Grimbergen Wars [nl; fr] | ![]() | ![]() | Leuven victory
|
1142 | 1142 | Limburg-Fauquemont war | County of Limburg | Lordship of Fauquemont | Limburg victory |
1165 | 1323 | Flemish–Hollandic conflict over Zeeland Bewestenschelde [nl][7] | ![]() | ![]() | Hollandic victory: Treaty of Paris (1323)
|
1186 | 1263/5 | War of the Namurois–Luxemburgish succession[8][9] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Compromise
|
1202 | 1378 | Liégeois–Brabantian Wars [nl; fr] | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Compromise: Truce of Booienhoven |
1203 | 1206 | Loon War | Ada and Louis II![]() Supported by: | William![]() Supported by: ![]() ![]() | Military and long-term political victory for William
|
1212 | 1213 | War of the Moha Succession (part of the Liégeois–Brabantian Wars) | ![]() | ![]() | Liégeois victory
|
1213 | 1214 | Anglo-French War (1213–1214) | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() (England, Anjou, Normandy, Aquitaine) ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | French victory
|
1225 | 1227 | Drenthe–Groningen war | ![]() ![]() | ![]() Gelkingen | Drenther victory
|
1228 | 1232 | Drenther Crusade | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Inconclusive
|
1226/8 | 1231/2 | War of the Succession of Breda[10] | |||
1244 | 1254 | War of the Flemish Succession | ![]() ![]() Supported by: ![]() | ![]() Supported by: ![]() ![]() | Compromise
|
1245/50 | 1273/5 | Great Interregnum | ![]()
| ![]()
| Compromise
|
1256 | 1422 | Friso-Hollandic Wars | ![]() | Upstalsboom League Various other Frisian factions | Holland conquers West Frisia, but makes no substantial gains in Middle Frisia |
1272 | 1278 | War of the Cow | ![]() | ![]() | Indecisive
|
1283 | 1289 | War of the Limburg Succession | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Brabantian victory
|
1296 | 1335 | Awans and Waroux War [nl; fr][11] | ![]() | ![]() | Stalemate
|
1297 | 1305 | Franco-Flemish War | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | French victory
|
1303 | 1306 | Brussels Revolt [nl] | Brabantian artisan guilds | Brabantian patrician class![]() | Patrician–ducal victory
|
1322 | 1326 | Bredevoorter Feud [de; nl] | ![]() | ![]() | Compromise: Peace of Wesel
|
1323 | 1328 | Peasant revolt in Flanders 1323–1328 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | French victory
|
1336 | 1366 | Wars of the Loon Succession (part of the Liégeois–Brabantian Wars) | ![]() Supported by: ![]() ![]() | ![]() Supported by: ![]() | Liégeois victory |
1337 | 1453 | Hundred Years' War | Valois victory
| ||
1350 | 1361 | Guelderian Fratricidal War [nl] | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Edwardian victory
|
1350 | 1490 | Hook and Cod wars | Hook league (anti-Burgundy) | Cod league (pro-Burgundy) | Cod victory
|
1352 | 1365 | War of the Valkenburg succession[13] | ![]()
| ![]() | Brabantian victory
|
1356 | 1357 | War of the Brabantian Succession | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Flemish–Guelderian victory
|
1364 | 1368 | First war of Guelders[14] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Military stalemate, diplomatic Brabantian victory
|
1371 | 1371 | Battle of Baesweiler | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Jülich–Guelderian victory
|
1371 | 1379 | First War of the Guelderian Succession | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Jülich victory
|
1379 | 1385 | Revolt of Ghent (1379–1385) (part of the Hundred Years' War) | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Franco–Burgundian victory
|
1382 | 1383 | Despenser's Crusade (part of the Hundred Years' War, Revolt of Ghent and Western Schism) | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Truce
|
1385 | 1390 | Second war of Guelders [nl][15][16] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Guelderian victory
|
1397 | 1399 | Third war of Guelders[17][18] | ![]() | ![]() | |
1401 | 1412 | Arkel Wars [nl][19] | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Hollandic victory
|
1413 | 1422 | Great Frisian War | Vetkopers | Schieringers | Stalemate
|
1423 | 1449 | Utrecht Schism[20] | ![]() Lichtenbergers Hook league Proysen ![]() | ![]() Lokhorsten Cod league ![]() ![]() ![]() Council of Basel (1431–49) Antipope Felix V (1439–49) | Lichtenberger victory
|
1438 | 1441 | Dutch–Hanseatic War (part of the Sound Wars) | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Stalemate; compromise
|
1442 | 1446 | Hollandic–Bremer war | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Peace of Harderwijk (1446) |
1449 | 1453 | Revolt of Ghent (1449–1453) | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Burgundian victory
|
1456 | 1458 | Utrecht war (1456–1458) | ![]() ![]() Graauwerts Cod league | ![]() ![]() Lichtenbergers Hook league | Burgundian victory
|
1458 | 1464 | Donia War [nl][21] | Harinxmas (Schieringers) | Donias (Vetkopers) | Successive reconciliations between warring clans |
1459 | 1459 | Revolt against Arnold[22] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Arnoldian victory
|
1465 | 1468 | Wars of Liège | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Burgundian victory
|
1465 | 1468 | War in Guelders[22] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Adolfian victory (Battle of Straelen [de])
|
1473 | 1473 | Burgundian conquest of Guelders[23] | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Burgundian victory
|
1474 | 1477 | Burgundian Wars | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Franco–Swiss victory
|
1477 | 1482 | War of the Burgundian Succession | Habsburg:![]() ![]() ![]() | Valois-Orléans:![]() ![]() ![]() | Treaty of Arras (1482), Treaty of Senlis (1493)
|
1477 | 1499 | Guelderian War of Independence [nl] (1477–82, 1494–9) (part of the War of the Burgundian Succession) | Habsburg:![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | Guelders:![]() Supported by: ![]() | Guelderian victory
|
1481 | 1483 | Utrecht war of 1481–83 (part of the Hook and Cod Wars) | Cod league![]() | Hook league![]() | Cod victory
|
1483 | 1492 | Flemish revolts against Maximilian | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Habsburg victory
|
1488 | 1490 | Jonker Fransen War [nl] (part of the Hook and Cod Wars) | Cod league (pro-Habsburg)![]() ![]() | Hook league (anti-Habsburg) | Cod–Habsburg victory
|
1491 | 1492 | Bread and Cheese Revolt | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Habsburg victory
|
1502 | 1543 | Guelders Wars | Habsburg:![]() ![]()
| Guelders:![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Supported by:
| Habsburg victory
|
1514 | 1517 | Saxon feud (part of the Guelders Wars) | ![]()
24 German princes |
| Compromise
|
1531 | 1534 | Guelderian feud [de] (part of the Guelders Wars) | ![]() | ![]() ![]()
| Guelderian victory; Peace of Logum
|
1539 | 1540 | Revolt of Ghent (1539) | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Habsburg victory
|
1542 | 1546 | Italian War of 1542–1546 | ![]() | ![]() | Inconclusive
|
1551 | 1559 | Italian War of 1551–1559 | Spanish and Imperial (Habsburg) victory
|
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/obevsotctmrhvigj2l1y5jybni5ooqq.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/pm3dvqdzwiog2qmfwqonmflejxkcv2c.png)
- War of succession, diocesan feud or clan feud
- War of conquest (territorial control)
- Religious war
- Economic war (including socio-economic revolts)
- Revolt or rebellion (political)
References
- ^ Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Franken". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.
- ^ According to Lanting & van der Plicht (2010), the conquest of Turnacum and Cameracum probably happened in the period 445–450. Lanting, J. N.; van der Plicht, J. (2010). "De 14C-chronologie van de Nederlandse Pre- en Protohistorie VI: Romeinse tijd en Merovische periode, deel A: historische bronnen en chronologische thema's". Palaeohistoria 51/52 (2009/2010) (in Dutch). Groningen: Groningen Institute of Archaeology. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9789077922736. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
- ^ Timothy Reuter (ed.), The New Cambridge Medieval History. Volume 3, c.900–c.1024 (1999), p. 321.
- ^ Nieuwenhuijsen, Kees (2018). De Slag bij Vlaardingen 1018: Strijd om het graafschap Holland. Utrecht: Uitgeverij Omniboek. p. 289. ISBN 9789401912693. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ^ 't Jong, Henk (2018). De dageraad van Holland: De geschiedenis van het graafschap 1100-1300. Utrecht: Uitgeverij Omniboek. p. 123. ISBN 9789020534870. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ^ "Resten West-Friese moordpartij gevonden". NOS. 25 November 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ^ Graaf, R. de: Oorlog om Holland 1000-1375 (Verloren, Hilversum, 2004), ISBN 9065508074, p. 156, 167.
- ^ Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Namen [geschiedenis]. §1. Regeerders". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.
- ^ Coppens, Thera (2019). Johanna en Margaretha: Gravinnen van Vlaanderen en prinsessen van Constantinopel. Meulenhoff Boekerij. p. 348, footnote 315. ISBN 9789402313956. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ Boeren, P.C. (1962). Hadewych en Heer Hendrik Van Breda (in Dutch). Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp. 28–29. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
- ^ Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Awans-en-Waroux-oorlog". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.
- ^ One must keep in mind that Arnold and Godfrey were also quarreling amongst themselves, and did not constitute a united front against the Liégeois prince-bishop.
- ^ Boffa, pp. 13–15.
- ^ Boffa, pp. 15–17.
- ^ Boffa, Sergio (2004). Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1406. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 30–35. ISBN 9781843830610. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- ^ Eads, V.; Rogers, Clifford J. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology: Volume I. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 218. ISBN 978-0195334036. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- ^ Boffa, "Contents" (page v).
- ^ Houthuys, Astrid (2009). Middeleeuws kladwerk: de autograaf van de Brabantsche yeesten, boek VI (vijftiende eeuw). Hilversum: Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 261. ISBN 9789087040635. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
- ^ Brouwer, Maria (2016). Governmental Forms and Economic Development: From Medieval to Modern Times. Switzerland: Springer Publishing. p. 161. ISBN 9783319420400. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ van Engen, Hildo (2006). De derde orde van Sint-Franciscus in het middeleeuwse bisdom Utrecht: Een bijdrage tot de institutionele geschiedenis van de Moderne Devotie. Hilversum: Uitgeverij Verloren. pp. 137–138. ISBN 9789065509208.
- ^ J. Frieswijk e.o., Fryslân, staat en macht (Hilversum 1999) pp. 53–60.
- ^ a b Nuyens, Willem Jan Frans (1873). Algemeene geschiedenis des Nederlandschen volks, van de vroegste tijden tot op onze dagen, Deel 2. Amsterdam. pp. 91–98.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Karel [Bourgondische gewesten]. §1. Buitenlandse politiek". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.