Political families of Australia

A political family of Australia (also called a political dynasty) is a family in which multiple members are involved in Australian politics, particularly electoral politics. Members may be related by blood or marriage; often several generations or multiple siblings may be involved.

Anderson family

  • Keith Anderson (1916-1965), member of the NSW Legislative Assembly 1961–1962
  • Kath Anderson (1921-1996), member of the New South Wales Legislative Council 1973–1981
  • Peter Anderson (born 1947), member of the NSW Legislative Assembly 1978–1995

Anthony family

  • Larry Anthony, senior: MHR for Richmond 1937–57; minister in the Menzies Government 1941, 1949–56
  • Doug Anthony: MHR for Richmond 1957–84; Deputy Prime Minister 1971–72, 1975–83; Leader of the National Party 1971–84
  • Larry Anthony, junior: MHR for Richmond 1996–2004; minister in the Howard government 1998–2004.

Archer family

  • Thomas Archer, Legislative Council of Tasmania 1827–1844
  • Joseph Archer, Legislative Council of Tasmania 1851–1853
  • William Archer, Legislative Council & House of Assembly of Tasmania, 1851–1855(MLC)/1860-1862 & 1866–1868 (MHA)
  • Robert Joseph Archer, House of Assembly of Tasmania 1869–1871, Longford Municipality Alderman
  • Basil Archer, House of Assembly of Tasmania 1871–1872
  • William Henry Davies Archer, House of Assembly of Tasmania, 1882–1886, Longford Municipality Alderman, Council Warden, Treasurer 1872–1894
  • Frank Archer, House of Assembly of Tasmania, 1893–1902
  • William Fulbert Archer, Longford Municipality Alderman
  • Thomas Cathcart Archer, Longford Municipality Alderman

Baird family

  • Bruce Baird (born 1942), MLA for Northcott NSW 1984—95, Minister in Greiner and Fahey governments. MHR for Cook 1998—2007. His son:
  • Mike Baird (born 1968), MLA for Manly NSW 2007—2017, Minister, Treasurer, 44th NSW Premier 2014—2017

Barnard family

Baume family

They are cousins, the grandsons of Frederick Baume, a member of parliament in New Zealand.

Beale-Shorten family

Beazley family

Bjelke-Petersen family

Braid family

  • Harry Braid (1917–2001) was an independent member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council for Mersey from 1972 to 1990.
  • His daughter Sue Napier (1948–2010) was a Liberal member of the House of Assembly for Bass from 1992 to 2010.
  • His cousin Ian Braid was a Liberal MHA for Wilmot/Lyons from 1969 to 1972 and 1975 to 1995.

Brown-Hoare family

  • Bob Brown was an ALP MHR for Hunter 1980–84 and Charlton 1984–98; his daughter
  • Kelly Hoare succeeded him in Charlton as member 1998–2007.

Bruxner family

Burke family

Butler family

conservative Premiers of South Australia; their great-grandson and grandson respectively:

Cain family

Chaney family

Chapman family

  • Ted Chapman (1934–2005) (MP for Alexandra) 1973–1992. Liberal government minister 1979–1982. Father;
  • Vickie Chapman (born 1957) (MP for Bragg) 2002–2023. Deputy Liberal Opposition Leader 2006–2009 and 2013–present. Daughter.

Chataway family

Brothers

Court family

Cowan family (SA)

Cowan (Brown, Wittenoom) Family (WA)

  • Walkinshaw Cowan (1808–1888), private secretary to Western Australian Governors John Hutt, Andrew Clarke and Frederick Irwin
  • Thomas Brown (1803–1863), Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council (1850s)
  • Edith Cowan (1861–1932), Member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia (12 March 1921 – 22 March 1924). Granddaughter of Thomas Brown and Daughter-in-Law of Walkinshaw Cowan.
  • Edward Wittenoom (1854–1936), Member of the Legislative Council of Western Australia (30 May 1883 – 23 January 1884 and 25 June 1885 – 6 November 1886) First cousin of Edith Cowan
  • Hendy Cowan (born 25 April 1943) is a former deputy premier of Western Australia. Grandson of Walkinshaw Cowan and nephew of Edith Cowan

Crean family

Cribb/Foote family

Darling family

Davey family

• Paul Davey AM, Federal Director for the Nationals • Senator Perin Davey, Deputy Leader of the Nationals.

Dick family

Douglas family

Downer family

Dunn family

his sons:

  • John Dunn Jnr. South Australian miller, sat in both Houses
  • William Henry Dunn miller and farmer, member of the Legislative Assembly for Onkaparinga

John Dunn Snr's son-in-law and nephew:

Evans family

Farrell family

Ferguson family

Fisken/Ronaldson family

Fong Lim family

Fraser family

Goldsworthy–Chapman family

Gullett family

  • Henry Gullett (1837–1914) was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1908 till 1914.
  • Sir Henry Gullett (1878–1940) was the nephew of the New South Wales politician of the same name. He won the Victorian seat of Henty of the House of Representatives and held it from 1925 till his death in 1940 in a plane crash, at which time he was a government minister.
  • Jo Gullett (1914–1999) won his father’s old seat of Henty in the House of Representatives and held it from 1946 to 1955. During some of that time he also served as government whip.

Groom family

Hamer family

Hawke family

Hodgman family

Name Australian House of Representatives Tasmanian House of Assembly Tasmanian Legislative Council
William Clark "Bill" Hodgman (1909–97) 1955–64: Member for Denison 1971–83: Member for Queenborough
1981–83: President of the Legislative Council
Michael Hodgman (1938–2013)
- son of Bill
1975–87: Member for Denison
1980–83: Minister for the Capital Territory
in the Fraser government
1992–98, 2001–10: Member for Denison 1966–74: Member for Huon
Peter Hodgman (born 1946)
- son of Bill, brother of Michael
2001: contested seat of Franklin 1986–2001: Member for Franklin 1974–86: Member for Huon
Will Hodgman (born 1969)
- son of Michael
2002–2020: Member for Franklin
2006–14 : Leader of the Opposition
2014–2020 : Premier of Tasmania

Hughes-Turnbull family

The Hughes family has a long history in both New South Wales and Federal politics.

Katter family

Lewis family

Brothers

  • Sandy Lewis (1931–2016), MP for Blackwood, Western Australia 1972–1989
  • Tom Lewis (1922 –2016), 33rd Premier of New South Wales 1975 – 1976

their grandfather

Littleproud family

  • Brian Littleproud, (1941 – ), Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly 1983 – 2001, and his son:
  • David Littleproud, (1976 – ), Member of the Australian House of Representativies 2016 – present. minister in the Turnbull and Morrison governments and leader of the Nationals 2022-present.

Lyons family

McClelland family

McGirr family

McLarty family

  • John McLarty (1842–1909), MLA in Western Australia 1904–1909; brother of Edward
  • Edward McLarty (1848–1917), MLC in Western Australia 1894–1916; brother of John
  • Ross McLarty (1891–1962), MLA in Western Australia 1930–1962, Premier 1947–1953; son of Edward

McMahon/Walder family

Melloy/Darling family

Menzies-Leckie family

Morgan family

Morrison family

Morris-Wilson family

Nalder family

  • Sir Crawford Nalder was Deputy Premier of Western Australia from 1962 to 1971. His son
  • Cambell Nalder, was a member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1986 to 1987. His son
  • Dean Nalder, was a member of the Legislative Assembly from 2013 to 2021 and was the Transport minister in the Western Australian Government.

Newman family

Nott family

Ogilvie family

O'Sullivan/MacGroarty family

Oldfield family

Palaszczuk family

Pearsall family

Piesse family

  • Frederick Piesse (1853–1912), MLA in Western Australia 1890–1909; brother of Alfred, Arnold, and Charles
  • Charles Piesse (1855–1914), MLC in Western Australia 1894–1914; brother of Alfred, Arnold, and Frederick
  • Alfred Piesse (1866–1939), MLA in Western Australia 1911–1924; brother of Arnold, Charles, and Frederick
  • Arnold Piesse (1872–1935), MLA in Western Australia 1909–1914 and 1930–1935; brother of Alfred, Charles, and Frederick
  • Harold Piesse (1884–1944), MLC in Western Australia 1932–1944; son of Frederick
  • Edmund Piesse (1900–1952), Senator for Western Australia 1950–1952; son of Arnold
  • Winifred Piesse (born 1923), MLC in Western Australia 1977–1983; daughter-in-law of Charles

Pitt family

Playford family

The Playford family has played a significant role in the South Australian and Australian political and social sphere since the early days of European settlement.

Price-Hampton family

Spender

Street family

Sullivan family

Thorn/Harris/Hill/Casey family

Walker family

  • James Thomas Walker (1841–1923), original senator from New South Wales (1901–1913);
  • his older cousin was Thomas Walker (1804–1886), member of NSW Legislative Council for Port Philip Bay (1843–1845)

Wentworth/Hill/Griffiths/Scott/Cooper family

  • William Charles Wentworth I (1790–1872), member of the New South Wales Legislative Council for various periods between 1843 and 1862, including President of the Legislative Council (1861–1862)
  • D'Arcy Wentworth, Jr. (1793–1861), member of the NSW Legislative Council (1843–1845), brother of W. C. Wentworth I
  • William Charles Wentworth IV AO (1907–2003), member of the Australian House of Representatives (1949– 1977) and in the Ministry (1968–1972), great grandson of W. C. Wentworth I
  • George Neville Griffiths (1840–1905), member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1882–1885), grandfather of W. C. Wentworth IV
  • John Scott) (1821–1898), apart from 1869, member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly (1868–1888) and of the Queensland Legislative Council (1888–1890), father-in-law of G.N. Griffiths and great grandfather of W. C. Wentworth IV
  • George Hill (1802–1883), Mayor of Sydney (1850), alderman of the City of Sydney (1842–1851) and (1857–1858),[11] and member of the NSW Legislative Council (1848–1849) and (1856–1861), great grandfather of W. C. Wentworth IV, his daughter, Mary Jane being the wife of Fitzwilliam, the son of W. C. Wentworth I
  • Richard Hill (1810–1895). Member of the NSW Legislative Assembly (1868–1877), member of the Legislative Council (1880–1895), brother of George Hill, and whose wife, Henrietta Cox, was the sister of Sarah, the wife of W. C. Wentworth I
  • William Charles Hill (1838–1919), member of the NSW Legislative Council (1900–1919), son of Richard Hill
  • Sir Daniel Cooper, 1st Baronet (1821–1902), member of the NSW Legislative Council (1849–1851) and (1855–1856), member of the NSW Legislative Assembly (1856–1860) and the Assembly's first Speaker, his wife Elizabeth being the sister of George Hill and Richard Hill

Whitlam family

Willmott family

  • F. E. S. Willmott (1870–1941), MLA in Western Australia 1914–1921, MLC in Western Australia 1921–1926; father of F. D.
  • Edmund Brockman (1882–1938), MLA in Western Australia 1933–1934; brother-in-law of F. E. S.
  • William Willmott (1895–1947), MLA in Western Australia 1938–1947; nephew of F. E. S.
  • F. D. Willmott (1904–2004), MLA in Western Australia 1955–1974; son of F. E. S.

Wilson family

  • Sir Keith Wilson was Senator for South Australia from 1938 to 1944 and MHR for Sturt from 1949–1954 and 1955–1966. His son
  • Ian represented Sturt from 1966–1969 and 1972–1993 and was a minister in the Fraser government. Ian was also great-grandson of Sir John Langdon Bonython MHR for South Australia 1901–1906 and great-great grandson of Sir John Cox Bray, the first native born premier of South Australia

Wriedt family

Wyatt family

  • Cedric Wyatt (1940-2014), federal candidate for Kalgoorlie 1996. Son;
  • Ben Wyatt (born 1974), Member of Western Australian Legislative Assembly 2006-2021 and Minister in the McGowan Government. Cousin;
  • Ken Wyatt (born 1952), Member of the Australian House of Representatives 2010-2022. Minister in the Turnbull and Morrison governments.

Others

  • John "Jack" Ah Kit was a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 2005, and was the first indigenous minister in the Northern Territory. His daughter, Ngaree Ah Kit, was elected to the Assembly in 2016.
  • Anthony Albanese has been a Member of the House of Representatives since 1996, and was a minister in the Rudd and Gillard governments. His wife, Carmel Tebbutt was a member of New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 2005 until her retirement in 2015, Education Minister 2005–2007, and Deputy Premier of the State of NSW from 2008–2011. They have been dubbed the "King and Queen of Marrickville".[12]
  • Jim Bacon was Premier of Tasmania 1998–2004, while his son, Scott Bacon was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 2010.
  • Francis Matthew John Baker was Member for Oxley 1931 to 1934 and Griffith 1934 to 1939. His father Francis Patrick Baker was Member for Maranoa
  • Martin Basedow was a member for Barossa in the South Australian Legislative Assembly from 1890 to 1902; his son Herbert Basedow was a member for the same seat from 1927 to 1930.
  • Wayne Berry was a member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly for Ginninderra from 1989–2008 and Leader of the Opposition from 1997–1998. His daughter, Yvette Berry, has been a member of the Legislative Assembly for Ginninderra since 2012.
  • Jack Birney (1928–1995), was a Liberal member of the House of Representatives (representing the Sydney electorate of Phillip) from 1975 till his defeat in 1983. His son, Matthew John "Matt" Birney (born 1969) was Leader of the Opposition in Western Australia 2005–06.
  • George Booth was a member of the NSW Legislative Assembly 1925–1960, while his son, Ken Booth was a member from 1960 to 1988.
  • Carol Brown is a Senator for Tasmania since 2005 and the Assistant Minister for Infrastructure and Transport since 2022. Her niece Allison Ritchie was a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 2001 to 2009. Another niece Meg Brown is a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly for Franklin since 2024.
  • Max Bushby was a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly for Bass from 1961–1986 and a Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. His son David Bushby was a Senator for Tasmania from 2007–2019 and his daughter Wendy Askew is a Senator for Tasmania since 2019 replacing her brother.
  • Bert Cremean and his brother Jack Cremean were both Labor members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Clifton Hill. Jack replaced his brother in a by-election after Bert died of peritonitis following surgery. The family (on their mother's side) was very active in local government Labor politics in the City of Richmond.
  • Mary Delahunty was a Labor member for Northcote in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1998 to 2006, and was Minister for Education (1999–2002); the Arts (1999 to 2006); Women's Affairs (2002–2006) and Planning (2002–2005). Her brother, Hugh Delahunty, was the National Party member for Lowan (2002–2014); and previously Wimmera (1999–2002) and was a minister in the Victorian Government.
  • Ray Groom was a Member of the House of Representatives 1975–1984, a Minister in the Fraser government, a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly 1986–2001, then Premier of Tasmania 1992–1996; his son, Matthew Groom was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 2010 and has been a minister in the Tasmanian Government since 2014.
  • James Guy was an ALP Senator for Tasmania from 1914 to 1920 and his son James Allan Guy was ALP and later Nationalist Member for Bass and a Senator for Tasmania. George McElwee, Member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1940 to 1946, was James Guy's brother-in-law.[13]
  • Eric Harrison was a Member of the House of Representatives seat of Wentworth from 1931 to 1956, the first Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party of Australia (1944 to 1956) and held several major portfolios. His daughter Shirley Walters was Liberal Party Senator for Tasmania from 1975 to 1993.
  • Alan Hunt was a member of the Victorian Legislative Council from 1961–1992. His son, Greg Hunt, is the federal member for Flinders, was Minister for the Environment in the Abbott and Turnbull governments and is currently Minister for Industry, Innovation and Science.
  • Rowley James was the Member for Hunter, New South Wales 1924–1958, while his son, Bertie James was Member for the same seat 1960–1980.
  • Harry Jenkins, Sr was Member of Parliament for Scullin, Victoria, 1969–1985, while his son, Harry Jenkins was the Member for the same seat from 1986 to 2013. They have both been Speaker of the House of Representatives.
  • Stan Knowles, Member for Macquarie Fields in the NSW Legislative Assembly 1981–1990; and his son, Craig Knowles, member for the same seat 1990–2005.
  • Michael Lavarch was Member of Parliament 1987–1996 and Attorney-General in the Keating government 1993–1996. His wife, Linda Lavarch, was Member for Kurwongbah in the Queensland Parliament, from 1997 to 2009, and was Attorney-General in the Beattie government 2005–2006.
  • Dawn Lawrie, independent Member for Nightcliff in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, 1974–1983; her daughter, Delia Lawrie was Labor Member for Karama 2001–2016 and was Leader of the Opposition 2012–15.
  • John Lemmon was the Labor member for Williamstown in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1904 to 1955—at nearly 51 years, the longest term in the Victorian parliament's history. His son, Nelson Lemmon, was a federal Labor MP for the seats of Forrest (WA; 1943–1949) and St George (NSW; 1954–1955), and a minister in the Chifley government.
  • George Miles served in the Western Australian Legislative Council from 1916 to 1950, his great niece Jo Vallentine was an Independent / Greens senator for Western Australia from 1985 to 1992 and his great-granddaughter Mary Jo Fisher was a Liberal Party senator for South Australia from 2007 to 2012.
  • Justin O'Byrne was a member of the Senate for Tasmania 1947–81, President of the Senate 1974–75, and Father of the Senate 1971–75; his distant cousin Michelle O'Byrne was Member for Bass 1998–2004, and Member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly since 2006; her brother, David O'Byrne, was Member for Franklin in the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 2010 to 2014.
  • Noel Padgham-Purich was a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly for Tiwi 1977–1983; Koolpinyah 1983–1990; and Nelson 1990–1997. Her daughter, Kezia Purick, has been member for Goyder since 2008.
  • Sir Earle Page was Prime Minister of Australia in 1939 and a Country Party Member of the House of Representatives from 1919 to 1961. His grandson Donald Page was a member of the NSW Legislative Assembly from 1988 to 2015 and a minister in the NSW Government from 2011 to 2014.
  • Michael Polley was a member for Wilmot/Lyons from 1972-2014 and a Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. His sister Helen Polley is a Senator for Tasmania from 2005.
  • Ian Prentice was a Liberal Party member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Toowong from 1980 to 1983. His wife, Jane Prentice, has been the federal member for the Queensland seat of Ryan since 2010.
  • Bess Price (Country Liberal Party) defeated her nephew, Labor MLA Karl Hampton, in the 2012 Northern Territory election and succeeded him as the member for Sturt in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly until 2016. She was a minister in the NT Government. Karl held the seat from 2006 to 2012 and was also a minister in the NT Government.
  • Philip Ruddock was MP for Parramatta from 1973 until 1977, for Dundas from 1977 until 1993 and for Berowra from 1993 until 2016, was Immigration Minister 1996–2003 and Attorney-General 2003–2007 in the Howard government and was Father of the Australian Parliament from 1998 until 2016. His father, Max Ruddock was Member of the New South Wales state parliament from 1962 to 1976 and a minister in the NSW Government.
  • Marie Tehan was a Liberal member of the Victorian Legislative Council from 1987 to 1992 and of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1992 to 1999. She was a minister in the Victorian Government. Her son Dan Tehan has been a Liberal member of the Australian House of Representatives since 2010.
  • Lindsay Thompson was a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Council from 1955 to 1970 and of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1970 to 1982. He was the 40th Premier of Victoria. His son Murray Thompson has been a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly since 1992.
  • Kelvin Thomson was an MP in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1988–1995 and was MHR for Wills in the Australian Parliament from 1996 until his retirement in 2016. His ex-wife Marsha Thomson was a member of the Victorian Legislative Council (1999–2006) and has represented Footscray in the Victorian Legislative Assembly since 2006. She was the first Jewish woman to be a minister in any Australian Government serving in the Bracks and Brumby cabinets.
  • William and Richard Vale were brothers who both represented West Ballarat in the Victorian Legislative Assembly during the latter part of the 19th century. William's great-grandson, Monte Vale, was member of the Assembly for Greensborough (1967–70, 1973–77), while Monte's son Roger Vale was member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly for Electoral division of Stuart, 1974–1994.
  • Howard Venning was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1968 to 1979. His son Ivan Venning was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1990 to 2014.
  • David Watkins was Member for Newcastle 1901–1935, while his son David O. Watkins was Member for the same seat 1935–1958.
  • Donald Robert "Don" Willesee (1916–2003) was a member of the Australian Senate for Western Australia 1950–1975, and a minister in the Whitlam government. His brother, William Francis Willesee (1911–2000) was a member of the Western Australian Legislative Council 1954–1974.
  • Sir Eric Willis was Member of the NSW Legislative Assembly for Earlwood 1950–1978, and was Premier of New South Wales for a few months in 1976. His brother Max Willis, was Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council 1970–1999.
  • Michael Wooldridge was a Member of the House of Representatives, and Minister for Health 1996–2001 in the Howard government. His sister, Mary Wooldridge, has been a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly since 2006 and a minister in the Victorian Government.
  • Jack Wright was Deputy Premier of South Australia from 1982 to 1985 and a Labor Member for Adelaide in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1971 to 1985. His son Michael Wright was the Labor member for Lee in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1997 to 2014 and a minister in the South Australian Government.

See also

  • flagAustralia portal
  • iconPolitics portal

References

  1. ^ "Biography for Chaney, the Hon. Frederick Michael". ParlInfo Web. Parliament of Australia. Archived from the original on 15 September 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2008.
  2. ^ Scarr, Lanai (27 January 2022). "Kate Chaney: Perth business identity from Liberal Party royalty to take on Celia Hammond in Curtin electorate". The West Australian. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  3. ^ Kennedy, K. H. (1979). "Chataway, James Vincent (1852–1901)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 7. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  4. ^ Kennedy, K. H. (1979). "Chataway, Thomas Drinkwater (1864–1925)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 7. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  5. ^ "LNP veteran Ray Hopper resigns to join Katter's Australian Party". Courier Mail. 25 November 2012.
  6. ^ "Albert Redvers George Hawke (Labor)". The Constitutional Center of Western Australia. Archived from the original on 21 August 2006. Retrieved 31 March 2006.
  7. ^ a b O'Sullivan, Patrick (1818–1904) Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback MachineAustralian Dictionary of Biography Retrieved 2 July 2016.
  8. ^ Glover, Gareth – Ed (2006). A Life Guardsman in Spain, France and at Waterloo, the memoirs of Sergeant Major Thomas Playford 2nd Life Guards 1810–30. Ken Trotman Publishing. ISBN 1-905074-46-8.
  9. ^ Cockburn, Stewart (1991). Playford: Benevolent Despot. Axiom Publishing. ISBN 0-9594164-4-7
  10. ^ Papers of Jessie Street (1889–1970) Archived 22 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine, National Library of Australia, 4 December 2006
  11. ^ City of Sydney: Aldermen: George hill: Accessed 20 June 2020
  12. ^ Mitchell, Alex (21 August 2005). "Carr can't vote on successor to seat he held for 22 years". The Sun-Herald. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 6 September 2008.
  13. ^ "Biography: James Guy". Australian Senate. Archived from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2014.

External links

  • Lumb, Martin (31 October 2012): Parliamentary relations: political families in the Commonwealth Parliament, Australian Parliamentary Library.
  • Members of the Queensland Legislative Council biographic portal, courtesy of the Queensland Parliamentary Library, details extensive familial connections between Queensland politicians c. 1860c. 1930