Pumpokol language
- View a machine-translated version of the Russian article.
- Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
- Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 1,240 articles in the main category, and specifying
|topic=
will aid in categorization. - Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
- You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Пумпокольский язык]]; see its history for attribution.
- You may also add the template
{{Translated|ru|Пумпокольский язык}}
to the talk page. - For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Pumpokol | |
---|---|
Native to | Russia |
Extinct | 18th century |
Language family | Dené–Yeniseian?
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | xpm |
Linguist List | xpm |
Glottolog | pump1237 |
[image reference needed] |
Pumpokol is one of the Yeniseian languages. It has been extinct since the 18th century. Along with Arin, it shares many features with the ancient Xiongnu and Jie languages, and according to Alexander Vovin, Edward Vajda, and Étienne de la Vaissière, is closely related to them.[1][2]
The name Pumpokol was originally a geographic one, referring to the name of a town and a former district.[3]
Pumpokol is notable among the Yeniseian languages in that the phoneme /s/ is often replaced by /t/. This idiosyncrasy of Pumpokol seems to be shared with Jie, suggesting that Jie is more closely related to Pumpokol than other Yeniseian languages. For example the Jie word kot 'catch' seems to be a cognate with the Ket word 'qos', having the same sound change.[2]
Moreover, this aforementioned characteristic of Pumpokol has been used by Vajda to demonstrate that Yeniseian-derived hydronyms in northern Mongolia (the southernmost known extent of Yeniseian influence) are exclusively Pumpokolic.[2] Since the Jie, as a tribe of the Xiongnu, are likely to have come from the same area, rather than further north, this finding lends credence to the possibility that Jie is a Pumpokolic language.
Reference list
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2000). "Did the Xiong-nu speak a Yeniseian language?". Central Asiatic Journal. 44 (1): 87–104. JSTOR 41928223.
- ^ a b c Vovin, Alexander; Vajda, Edward; de la Vaissière, Etienne (2016). "Who Were the *Kjet (羯) and What Language Did They Speak?". Journal Asiatique. 304 (1): 125–144. doi:10.2143/JA.304.1.3146838.
- ^ Georg, Stefan; Georg, Stefan (2007). Introduction, phonology, morphology. A descriptive grammar of Ket (Yenisei-Ostyak) / Stefan Georg. Folkestone: Global Oriental. ISBN 978-1-901903-58-4.
External links
- Pumpokol basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
- v
- t
- e
Kott–Assan | |
---|---|
Arin–Pumpokol |
- Yastin
- Baikot
- Yarin
- Italics indicate extinct languages.
This language-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- v
- t
- e