SPAM1

SPAM1
Identifiers
Aliases	SPAM1, HEL-S-96n, HYA1, HYAL1, HYAL3, HYAL5, PH-20, PH20, SPAG15, sperm adhesion molecule 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600930; MGI: 1921718; HomoloGene: 50610; GeneCards: SPAM1; OMA:SPAM1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7q31.32 Start 123,925,237 bp[1] End 123,971,414 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6|6 A3.1 Start 24,857,996 bp[2] End 24,891,957 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in sperm gonad testicle left testis right testis muscle of lower limb muscle of leg gastrocnemius muscle duodenum placenta Top expressed in spermatid epithelium of small intestine seminiferous tubule spermatocyte migratory enteric neural crest cell secondary oocyte zygote ileum primary oocyte sexually immature organism More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function hyalurononglucosaminidase activity catalytic activity hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds Cellular component anchored component of membrane plasma membrane membrane Biological process fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization metabolism cell adhesion binding of sperm to zona pellucida sperm-egg recognition carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6677 74468 Ensembl ENSG00000106304 ENSMUSG00000029678 UniProt P38567 Q812F3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001174044 NM_001174045 NM_001174046 NM_003117 NM_153189 NM_028957 RefSeq (protein) NP_001167515 NP_001167516 NP_001167517 NP_003108 NP_694859 NP_083233 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 123.93 – 123.97 Mb Chr 6: 24.86 – 24.89 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Hyaluronidase PH-20 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPAM1 gene.^[5][6][7]

Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a major structural proteoglycan found in extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Six members of the hyaluronidase family are clustered into two tightly linked groups on chromosome 3p21.3 and 7q31.3. This gene was previously referred to as HYAL1 and HYA1 and has since been assigned the official symbol SPAM1; another family member on chromosome 3p21.3 has been assigned HYAL1. This gene encodes a GPI-anchored enzyme located on the human sperm surface and inner acrosomal membrane. This multifunctional protein is a hyaluronidase that enables sperm to penetrate through the hyaluronic acid-rich cumulus cell layer surrounding the oocyte, a receptor that plays a role in hyaluronic acid induced cell signaling, and a receptor that is involved in sperm-zona pellucida adhesion. Abnormal expression of this gene in tumors has implicated this protein in degradation of basement membranes leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene.^[7]

References

Further reading