Jim Peebles
- Margaret J. Geller
- Stuart L. Shapiro
Phillip James Edwin Peebles OM FRS (lahir 25 April 1935) adalah fisikawan dan kosmolog teori Kanada-Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Guru Besar Emeritus Sains Albert Einstein di Universitas Princeton.[1][2] Ia diakui sebagai salah satu kosmolog teori paling berpengaruh sejak 1970. Penelitian-penelitiannya memperkaya teori nukleosintesis primordial, materi gelap, radiasi latar gelombang mikro kosmik, dan formasi struktur. Ia bersama-sama dengan Michel Mayor dan Didier Queloz dianugerahi Penghargaan Nobel Fisika pada tahun 2019 atas temuan baru dalam teori kosmologi fisik.[3]
Karya James Pebbles dalam teori kosmologi memberikan pemahaman tentang asal - usul dan evolusi alam semesta. Dalam teori Peebles di jelaskan bahwa hanya 5% dari alam semesta tersusun dari "materi" seperti planet dan bintang. Sedangkan 95 % lainnya terdiri dari materi dan energi gelap.[4]
Penghargaan
- Eddington Medal (1981)
- Heineman Prize (1982)
- Fellow of the Royal Society (1982)[5]
- Henry Norris Russell Lectureship (1993)
- Bruce Medal (1995)
- Oskar Klein Medal (1997)
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1998)
- Gruber Prize in Cosmology (2000) bersama Allan Sandage
- Harvey Prize (2001)
- Shaw Prize (2004)
- Crafoord Prize bersama James E. Gunn dan Martin Rees (2005)
- Hitchcock Professorship (2006)
- Dirac Medal (2013)
- Order of Manitoba (2017)
- Penghargaan Nobel Fisika (2019)[6]
- Asteroid 18242 Peebles
Referensi
- Davis, M.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1983). "A survey of galaxy redshifts. V – The two-point position and velocity correlations". Astrophys. J. 267: 465. Bibcode:1983ApJ...267..465D. doi:10.1086/160884.
- Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.; Roll, P. G.; Wilkinson, D. T. (1965). "Cosmic Black-Body Radiation". Astrophys. J. 142: 414. Bibcode:1965ApJ...142..414D. doi:10.1086/148306.
- Fukugita, M.; Hogan, C. J.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1998). "The cosmic baryon budget". Astrophys. J. 503 (2): 518. arXiv:astro-ph/9712020 . Bibcode:1998ApJ...503..518F. doi:10.1086/306025.
- Groth, E. J.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1977). "Statistical Analysis Of Catalogs Of Extragalactic Objects. 7. Two And Three Point Correlation Functions For The High-Resolution Shane-Wirtanen Catalog Of Galaxies". Astrophys. J. 217: 385. Bibcode:1977ApJ...217..385G. doi:10.1086/155588.
- Ostriker, J. P.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1973). "A Numerical Study of the Stability of Flattened Galaxies: or, can Cold Galaxies Survive?". Astrophys. J. 186: 467. Bibcode:1973ApJ...186..467O. doi:10.1086/152513.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1966). "Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. I". Phys. Rev. Lett. 16 (10): 410. Bibcode:1966PhRvL..16..410P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.16.410.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1966). "Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. II". Astrophys. J. 146: 542. Bibcode:1966ApJ...146..542P. doi:10.1086/148918.
- Peebles, P. J. E.; Dicke, R. H. (1968). "Origin of the Globular Star Clusters". Astrophys. J. 154: 891. Bibcode:1968ApJ...154..891P. doi:10.1086/149811.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1969). "Origin of the Angular Momentum of Galaxies". Astrophys. J. 155: 393. Bibcode:1969ApJ...155..393P. doi:10.1086/149876.
- Peebles, P. J. E.; Yu, J. T. (1970). "Primeval adiabatic perturbation in an expanding universe". Astrophys. J. 162: 815. Bibcode:1970ApJ...162..815P. doi:10.1086/150713.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1971). Physical Cosmology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1980). The large-scale structure of the universe. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1982). "Large-scale background temperature and mass fluctuations due to scale-invariant primeval perturbations". Astrophys. J. 263: L1. Bibcode:1982ApJ...263L...1P. doi:10.1086/183911.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1993). Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1988). "Cosmology with a time-variable cosmological 'constant'". Astrophys. J. 325: L17. Bibcode:1988ApJ...325L..17P. doi:10.1086/185100.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1988). "Cosmological consequences of a rolling homogeneous scalar field". Phys. Rev. D. 37 (12): 3406. Bibcode:1988PhRvD..37.3406R. doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.3406.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (2003). "The cosmological constant and dark energy". Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 (2): 559–606. arXiv:astro-ph/0207347 . Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..559P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559.
Catatan kaki
- ^ "Princeton University Physics Department". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal May 11, 2011.
- ^ "Princeton University News". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 13, 2016.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019". Nobel Media AB. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2019.
- ^ digital, pikiran rakyat. "Nobel Fisika 2019 Satukan Kosmologi dan Astronomi". Pikiran Rakyat. Diakses tanggal 2019-11-22.
- ^ "Phillip Peebles biography". Royal Society. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2017.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019". Nobel Media AB. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2019.
Daftar pustaka
- Hu, Wayne (1994-06-28). "The Nature versus Nurture of Anisotropies". arΧiv:astro-ph/9406071.
Pranala luar
- Bruce Medalists
- Personal Web page at Princeton University (Photos)
- Oral History interview transcript with Jim Peebles April 4 and 5, 2002, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives Diarsipkan 2011-09-12 di Wayback Machine.
- l
- b
- s
- 1901: Röntgen
- 1902: Lorentz / Zeeman
- 1903: Becquerel / P. Curie / M. Curie
- 1904: Rayleigh
- 1905: Lenard
- 1906: J. J. Thomson
- 1907: Michelson
- 1908: Lippmann
- 1909: Marconi / Braun
- 1910: Van der Waals
- 1911: Wien
- 1912: Dalén
- 1913: Kamerlingh Onnes
- 1914: Laue
- 1915: W. L. Bragg / W. H. Bragg
- 1916
- 1917: Barkla
- 1918: Planck
- 1919: Stark
- 1920: Guillaume
- 1921: Einstein
- 1922: N. Bohr
- 1923: Millikan
- 1924: M. Siegbahn
- 1925: Franck / Hertz
- 1926: Perrin
- 1927: Compton / C. Wilson
- 1928: O. Richardson
- 1929: De Broglie
- 1930: Raman
- 1931
- 1932: Heisenberg
- 1933: Schrödinger / Dirac
- 1934
- 1935: Chadwick
- 1936: Hess / C. D. Anderson
- 1937: Davisson / G. P. Thomson
- 1938: Fermi
- 1939: Lawrence
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943: Stern
- 1944: Rabi
- 1945: Pauli
- 1946: Bridgman
- 1947: Appleton
- 1948: Blackett
- 1949: Yukawa
- 1950: Powell
- 1951: Cockcroft / Walton
- 1952: Bloch / Purcell
- 1953: Zernike
- 1954: Born / Bothe
- 1955: Lamb / Kusch
- 1956: Shockley / Bardeen / Brattain
- 1957: C. N. Yang / T. D. Lee
- 1958: Cherenkov / Frank / Tamm
- 1959: Segrè / Chamberlain
- 1960: Glaser
- 1961: Hofstadter / Mössbauer
- 1962: Landau
- 1963: Wigner / Goeppert Mayer / Jensen
- 1964: Townes / Basov / Prokhorov
- 1965: Tomonaga / Schwinger / Feynman
- 1966: Kastler
- 1967: Bethe
- 1968: Alvarez
- 1969: Gell-Mann
- 1970: Alfvén / Néel
- 1971: Gabor
- 1972: Bardeen / Cooper / Schrieffer
- 1973: Esaki / Giaever / Josephson
- 1974: Ryle / Hewish
- 1975: A. Bohr / Mottelson / Rainwater
- 1976: Richter / Ting
- 1977: P. W. Anderson / Mott / Van Vleck
- 1978: Kapitsa / Penzias / R. Wilson
- 1979: Glashow / Salam / Weinberg
- 1980: Cronin / Fitch
- 1981: Bloembergen / Schawlow / K. Siegbahn
- 1982: K. Wilson
- 1983: Chandrasekhar / Fowler
- 1984: Rubbia / Van der Meer
- 1985: von Klitzing
- 1986: Ruska / Binnig / Rohrer
- 1987: Bednorz / Müller
- 1988: Lederman / Schwartz / Steinberger
- 1989: Ramsey / Dehmelt / Paul
- 1990: Friedman / Kendall / R. Taylor
- 1991: de Gennes
- 1992: Charpak
- 1993: Hulse / J. Taylor
- 1994: Brockhouse / Shull
- 1995: Perl / Reines
- 1996: D. Lee / Osheroff / R. Richardson
- 1997: Chu / Cohen-Tannoudji / Phillips
- 1998: Laughlin / Störmer / Tsui
- 1999: 't Hooft / Veltman
- 2000: Alferov / Kroemer / Kilby
sekarang
- 2001: Cornell / Ketterle / Wieman
- 2002: Davis / Koshiba / Giacconi
- 2003: Abrikosov / Ginzburg / Leggett
- 2004: Gross / Politzer / Wilczek
- 2005: Glauber / Hall / Hänsch
- 2006: Mather / Smoot
- 2007: Fert / Grünberg
- 2008: Nambu / Kobayashi / Maskawa
- 2009: Kao / Boyle / Smith
- 2010: Geim / Novoselov
- 2011: Perlmutter / Riess / Schmidt
- 2012: Wineland / Haroche
- 2013: Englert / Higgs
- 2014: Akasaki / Amano / Nakamura
- 2015: Kajita / McDonald
- 2016: Thouless / Haldane / Kosterlitz
- 2017: Weiss / Barish / Thorne
- 2018: Ashkin / Mourou / Strickland
- 2019: Peebles / Mayor / Queloz
- 2020: Penrose / Genzel / Ghez
- 2021: Manabe / Hasselmann / Parisi
- 2022: Alain Aspect / John Clauser / Anton Zeilinger
- 2023: Pierre Agostini / Ferenc Krausz / Anne L'Huillier