Isotopen van nobelium

Het chemisch element nobelium (No), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 259 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 12 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).

In de natuur komt geen nobelium voor: alle isotopen zijn synthetisch bereid in een laboratorium. De eerste synthetische isotoop was 254No, in 1966.

De kortstlevende isotoop van nobelium is 250No, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 5,7 microseconden. De langstlevende is 259No, met een halfwaardetijd van 58 minuten.

Overzicht

Nuclide Z (p) N (n) Isotopische massa (u) Halveringstijd Radioactief verval Kernspin
Excitatie-energie
250No 102 148 250,08751(22) 5,7(8) µs SS (99,95%) 0+
No 102 250 Fm 100 246 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{250}_{102}No}->{^{246}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (0,05%)
No 102 250 Md 101 250 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{250}_{102}No}->{^{250}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (2,5 × 10−4%)
251No 102 149 251,08901(19) 0,78(2) s No 102 251 Fm 100 247 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{251}_{102}No}->{^{247}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (89%) 7/2+
SS (10%)
No 102 251 Md 101 251 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{251}_{102}No}->{^{251}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (1%)
251mNo 110(180) keV 1,7(10) s 9/2
252No 102 150 252,088977(14) 2,27(14) s No 102 252 Fm 100 248 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{252}_{102}No}->{^{248}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (73,09%) 0+
SS (26,9%)
No 102 252 Md 101 252 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{252}_{102}No}->{^{252}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (1%)
253No 102 151 253,09068(11) 1,62(15) min No 102 253 Fm 100 249 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{253}_{102}No}->{^{249}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (80%) (9/2)
No 102 253 Md 101 253 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{253}_{102}No}->{^{253}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (20%)
SS (10−3%)
253mNo 129(19) keV 31 µs 5/2+
254No 102 152 254,090955(19) 51(10) s No 102 254 Fm 100 250 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{254}_{102}No}->{^{250}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (89,3%) 0+
No 102 254 Md 101 254 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{254}_{102}No}->{^{254}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (10%)
SS (0,31%)
254mNo 500(100) keV 0,28(4) s IT254102No (80%) 0+
No 102 254 Fm 100 250 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{254}_{102}No}->{^{250}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (20%)
255No 102 153 255,093241(11) 3,1(2) min No 102 255 Fm 100 251 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{255}_{102}No}->{^{251}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (61,4%) (1/2+)
No 102 255 Md 101 255 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{255}_{102}No}->{^{255}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (38,6%)
256No 102 154 256,094283(8) 2,91(5) s No 102 256 Fm 100 252 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{256}_{102}No}->{^{252}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (99,44%) 0+
SS (0,55%)
No 102 256 + e Md 101 256 + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{256}_{102}No}+{e^{-}}->{^{256}_{101}Md}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (0,01%)
257No 102 155 257,096877(23) 25(2) s No 102 257 Fm 100 253 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{257}_{102}No}->{^{253}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (99%) (7/2+)
No 102 257 Md 101 257 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{257}_{102}No}->{^{257}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (1%)
258No 102 156 258,09821(22) 1,2(2) ms SS (99,99%) 0+
No 102 258 Fm 100 254 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{258}_{102}No}->{^{254}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (0,01%)
No 102 258 Md 101 258 + e + + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{258}_{102}No}->{^{258}_{101}Md}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (zelden)
259No 102 157 259,10103(11) 58(5) min No 102 259 Fm 100 255 + 2 4 α {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{259}_{102}No}->{^{255}_{100}Fm}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}} (75%) (9/2+)
No 102 259 + e Md 101 259 + ν e {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{259}_{102}No}+{e^{-}}->{^{259}_{101}Md}+{\nu }_{e}}}} (25%)
SS (10%)
260No 102 158 260,10264(22) 106(8) ms SS 0+
262No 102 160 262,10730(48) ± 5 ms SS 0+

Overzicht van isotopen per element

1 18
1 H 2 Periodiek systeem 13 14 15 16 17 He
2 Li Be De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra ↓↓ Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
Lanthaniden La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Actiniden Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
  • (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
  • (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
  • (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
  • (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
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Isotopen van nobelium (No)

248No · 249No · 250No · 251No · 251mNo · 252No · 253No · 253mNo · 254No · 254mNo · 255No · 256No · 257No · 258No · 259No · 260No · 261No · 262No · 263No · 264No