Charles Stark Draper

Charles Stark Draper
Nascimento	2 de outubro de 1901 Windsor
Morte	25 de julho de 1987 (85 anos) Cambridge
Residência	Estados Unidos
Nacionalidade	estadunidense
Alma mater	Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts, Universidade Stanford
Prêmios	Prêmio Magalhães (1959), Medalha Howard N. Potts (1960), Medalha Nacional de Ciências (1964), Medalha Daniel Guggenheim (1966), Medalha NASA por Serviço Público de Destaque (1967), Medalha Rufus Oldenburger (1971), Medalha de Ouro Kelvin (1974), Prêmio Richard E. Bellman (1981)
Instituições	Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts
Campo(s)	teoria de controle

Charles Stark Draper (Windsor, 2 de outubro de 1901 — Cambridge, 25 de julho de 1987) foi um engenheiro estadunidense.

É frequentemente citado como o pai dos sistemas de navegação inercial.

Referências

Bibliografia

Inventing accuracy : an historical sociology of nuclear missile guidance by Donald MacKenzie, MIT Press, 1990.

Ver também

Prêmio Charles Stark Draper

Ligações externas

Inventor Profile on the National Inventors Hall of Fame Web Site

Precedido por
Nathaniel Nichols

Prêmio Richard E. Bellman
1981

Sucedido por
Irving Lefkowitz

Pessoa do Ano segundo a revista Time

1927–50

Charles Lindbergh (1927)
Walter Chrysler (1928)
Owen Young (1929)
Mahatma Gandhi (1930)
Pierre Laval (1931)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1932)
Hugh Samuel Johnson (1933)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1934)
Haile Selassie (1935)
Wallis Simpson (1936)
Chiang Kai-shek / Soong May-ling (1937)
Adolf Hitler (1938)
Josef Stalin (1939)
Winston Churchill (1940)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941)
Josef Stalin (1942)
George Marshall (1943)
Dwight D. Eisenhower (1944)
Harry S. Truman (1945)
James F. Byrnes (1946)
George Marshall (1947)
Harry S. Truman (1948)
Winston Churchill (1949)
Forças Armadas dos Estados Unidos (1950)

1951–75

Mohammed Mossadegh (1951)
Isabel II do Reino Unido (1952)
Konrad Adenauer (1953)
John Foster Dulles (1954)
Harlow Curtice (1955)
Guerreiros Húngaros pela Liberdade (1956)
Nikita Khrushchov (1957)
Charles de Gaulle (1958)
Dwight D. Eisenhower (1959)
Cientistas Americanos: George Beadle / Charles Draper / John Enders / Donald A. Glaser / Joshua Lederberg / Willard Libby / Linus Pauling / Edward Purcell / Isidor Rabi / Emilio Segrè / William Bradford Shockley / Edward Teller / Charles Townes / James Van Allen / Robert Woodward (1960)
John F. Kennedy (1961)
Papa João XXIII (1962)
Martin Luther King Jr. (1963)
Lyndon B. Johnson (1964)
William Westmoreland (1965)
A Geração Abaixo dos Vinte e Cinco (1966)
Lyndon B. Johnson (1967)
Os Astronautas da Apollo 8: William Anders / Frank Borman / Jim Lovell (1968)
A Classe Média Americana (1969)
Willy Brandt (1970)
Richard Nixon (1971)
Henry Kissinger / Richard Nixon (1972)
John Sirica (1973)
Faisal da Arábia Saudita (1974)
Mulheres Americanas: Susan Brownmiller / Kathleen Byerly / Alison Cheek / Jill Conway / Betty Ford / Ella Grasso / Carla Hills / Barbara Jordan / Billie Jean King / Carol Sutton / Susie Sharp / Addie Wyatt (1975)

1976–2000

Jimmy Carter (1976)
Anwar Al Sadat (1977)
Deng Xiaoping (1978)
Aiatolá Khomeini (1979)
Ronald Reagan (1980)
Lech Wałęsa (1981)
O Computador (1982)
Ronald Reagan / Iúri Andropov (1983)
Peter Ueberroth (1984)
Deng Xiaoping (1985)
Corazón Aquino (1986)
Mikhail Gorbatchov (1987)
Mikhail Gorbatchov (1989)
George H. W. Bush (1990)
Ted Turner (1991)
Bill Clinton (1992)
Os Pacificadores: Yasser Arafat / Frederik Willem de Klerk / Nelson Mandela / Yitzhak Rabin (1993)
Papa João Paulo II (1994)
Newt Gingrich (1995)
David Ho (1996)
Andrew Grove (1997)
Bill Clinton / Ken Starr (1998)
Jeff Bezos (1999)
George W. Bush (2000)

2001–presente

Rudy Giuliani (2001)
As Delatoras: Cynthia Cooper / Coleen Rowley / Sherron Watkins (2002)
O Soldado Americano (2003)
George W. Bush (2004)
Os Bons Samaritanos: Bono / Bill Gates / Melinda Gates (2005)
Você (2006)
Vladimir Putin (2007)
Barack Obama (2008)
Ben Bernanke (2009)
Mark Zuckerberg (2010)
O Manifestante (2011)
Barack Obama (2012)
Papa Francisco (2013)
Combatentes do vírus ebola: Jerry Brown / Kent Brantly / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / Salome Karmah (2014)
Angela Merkel (2015)
Donald Trump (2016)
Aqueles que Quebraram o Silêncio (2017)
Os Guardiões e a Guerra da Verdade: Jamal Khashoggi / Maria Ressa / Wa Lone e Kyaw Soe Oo / Funcionários do The Capital (2018)
Greta Thunberg (2019)
Joe Biden / Kamala Harris (2020)
Elon Musk (2021)
Volodymyr Zelensky / Espírito da Ucrânia (2022)
Taylor Swift (2023)

Medalha Nacional de Ciências

Ciência do Comportamento e Social

Década de 1960	1964: Neal Elgar Miller
Década de 1980	1986: Herbert Simon · 1987: Anne Anastasi e George Joseph Stigler · 1988: Milton Friedman
Década de 1990	1990: Leonid Hurwicz e Patrick Suppes · 1991: George A. Miller · 1992: Eleanor J. Gibson · 1994: Robert Merton · 1995: Roger Shepard · 1996: Paul Samuelson · 1997: William Estes · 1998: William Julius Wilson · 1999: Robert Solow
Década de 2000	2000: Gary Stanley Becker · 2003: R. Duncan Luce · 2004: Kenneth Arrow · 2005: Gordon Bower · 2008: Michael Posner · 2009: Mortimer Mishkin
Década de 2010	2011: Anne Treisman · 2012: Robert Axelrod · 2014: Albert Bandura

Ciências Biológicas

Década de 1960	1963: Cornelis Bernardus van Niel · 1964: Theodosius Dobzhansky e Marshall Nirenberg · 1965: Francis Rous, George Gaylord Simpson e Donald Van Slyke · 1966: Edward Fred Knipling, Fritz Albert Lipmann, William Cumming Rose e Sewall Wright · 1967: Kenneth Cole, Harry Harlow, Michael Heidelberger e Alfred Sturtevant · 1968: Horace Barker, Bernard Brodie, Detlev Bronk, Jay Laurence Lush e Burrhus Frederic Skinner · 1969: Robert Hübner, Ernst Mayr
Década de 1970	1970: Barbara McClintock e Albert Sabin · 1973: Daniel Arnon e Earl Sutherland · 1974: Britton Chance, Erwin Chargaff, James Neel e James Hannon · 1975: Hallowell Davis, Paul Gyorgy, Sterling Hendricks e Orville Vogel · 1976: Roger Guillemin, Keith Roberts Porter, Efraim Racker e Edward Osborne Wilson · 1979: Robert H. Burris, Elizabeth C. Crosby, Arthur Kornberg, Severo Ochoa, Earl Stadtman, George Ledyard Stebbins e Paul Weiss
Década de 1980	1981: Philip Handler · 1982: Seymour Benzer, Glenn Burton e Mildred Cohn · 1983: Howard Bachrach, Paul Berg, Wendell Lee Roelofs e Berta Scharrer · 1986: Stanley Cohen, Donald Henderson, Vernon Mountcastle, George Palade e Joan A. Steitz · 1987: Michael DeBakey, Theodor Otto Diener, Harry Eagle, Har Khorana e Rita Levi-Montalcini · 1988: Michael Stuart Brown, Stanley Norman Cohen, Joseph Goldstein, Maurice Hilleman, Eric Kandel e Rosalyn Yalow · 1989: Katherine Esau, Viktor Hamburger, Philip Leder, Joshua Lederberg, Roger Sperry e Harland Goff Wood
Década de 1990	1990: Baruj Benacerraf, Herbert Boyer, Daniel Koshland, Edward Lewis, David Nathan e Edward Donnall Thomas · 1991: Mary Ellen Avery, George Evelyn Hutchinson, Elvin Kabat, Robert Kates, Salvador Luria, Paul Marks, Folke Skoog e Paul Zamecnik · 1992: Maxine Singer e Howard Martin Temin · 1993: Daniel Nathans e Salome G. Waelsch · 1994: Thomas Eisner e Elizabeth Neufeld · 1995: Alexander Rich · 1996: Ruth Patrick · 1997: James Watson e Robert Allan Weinberg · 1998: Bruce Ames e Janet Rowley · 1999: David Baltimore, Jared Diamond e Lynn Margulis
Década de 2000	2000: Nancy Coover Andreasen, Peter H. Raven e Carl Woese · 2001: Francisco José Ayala, George Bass, Mario Capecchi, Ann Graybiel, Gene Likens, Victor A. McKusick e Harold Varmus · 2002: James E. Darnell e Evelyn M. Witkin · 2003: John Michael Bishop, Solomon Halbert Snyder e Charles Yanofsky · 2004: Norman Borlaug, Phillip Allen Sharp e Thomas Starzl · 2005: Anthony Fauci e Torsten Wiesel · 2006: Rita Colwell, Nina Fedoroff e Lubert Stryer · 2007: Robert Lefkowitz e Bert William O’Malley · 2008: Francis Collins, Elaine Fuchs, Craig Venter · 2009: Susan Lindquist, Stanley Prusiner
Década de 2010	2010: Ralph Lawrence Brinster, Rudolf Jaenisch · 2011: Lucy Shapiro, Leroy Hood, Sallie Chisholm · 2012: May Berenbaum, Bruce Alberts · 2013: Rakesh Jain · 2014: Stanley Falkow, Mary-Claire King, Simon Levin

Química

Década de 1960	1964: Roger Adams
Década de 1980	1982: Frank Albert Cotton e Gilbert Stork · 1983: Roald Hoffmann, George Claude Pimentel e Richard Zare · 1986: Harry Barkus Gray, Yuan Lee, Carl Shipp Marvel e Frank Westheimer · 1987: William Summer Johnson, Walter Hugo Stockmayer e Max Tishler · 1988: William Oliver Baker, Konrad Bloch e Elias James Corey · 1989: Richard Barry Bernstein, Melvin Calvin, Rudolph Arthur Marcus e Harden McConnell
Década de 1990	1990: Elkan Blout, Karl August Folkers e John Dombrowski Roberts · 1991: Ronald Breslow, Gertrude Elion, Dudley Robert Herschbach e Glenn Theodore Seaborg · 1992: Howard Ensign Simmons · 1993: Donald James Cram e Norman Hackerman · 1994: George Simms Hammond · 1995: Thomas Cech e Isabella Karle · 1996: Norman Davidson · 1997: Darleane Hoffman e Harold S. Johnston · 1998: John Werner Cahn e George Whitesides · 1999: Stuart Alan Rice, John Ross e Susan Solomon
Década de 2000	2000: John Baldeschwieler e Ralph Hirschmann · 2001: Ernest Roy Davidson e Gábor Somorjai · 2002: John Brauman · 2004: Stephen Lippard · 2006: Marvin Harry Caruthers e Peter Dervan · 2007: Mostafa El-Sayed · 2008: Joanna Fowler e JoAnne Stubbe · 2009: Stephen James Benkovic e Marye Anne Fox
Década de 2010	2010: Jacqueline Barton e Peter John Stang · 2011: Allen Joseph Bard e Frederick Hawthorne · 2012: Judith Klinman, Jerrold Meinwald · 2013: Geraldine Richmond · 2014: Paul Alivisatos

Ciências da Engenharia

Década de 1960	1962: Theodore von Kármán · 1963: Vannevar Bush e John Robinson Pierce · 1964: Charles Stark Draper · 1965: Hugh Latimer Dryden, Clarence Johnson e Warren Lewis · 1966: Claude Shannon · 1967: Edwin Land e Igor Sikorsky · 1968: John Presper Eckert e Nathan M. Newmark · 1969: Jack Kilby
Década de 1970	1970: George Mueller · 1973: Harold Eugene Edgerton e Richard Whitcomb · 1974: Rudolf Kompfner, Ralph Brazelton Peck e Abel Wolman · 1975: Manson Benedict, William Hayward Pickering, Frederick Terman e Wernher von Braun · 1976: Morris Cohen, Peter Carl Goldmark e Erwin Wilhelm Müller · 1979: Emmett Leith, Raymond Mindlin, Robert Noyce, Earl Randall Parker e Simon Ramo
Década de 1980	1982: Edward Heinemann e Donald Katz · 1983: Bill Hewlett, George Low e John George Trump · 1986: Hans Wolfgang Liepmann, Tung-Yen Lin e Bernard Oliver · 1987: Robert Byron Bird, Harry Bolton Seed e Ernst Weber · 1988: Daniel Drucker, Willis Hawkins e George W. Housner · 1989: Harry George Drickamer e Herbert Earl Grier
Década de 1990	1990: Mildred Dresselhaus e Nick Holonyak · 1991: George Heilmeier, Luna Leopold e Guyford Stever · 1992: Calvin Quate e John Roy Whinnery · 1993: Alfred Yi Cho · 1994: Ray Clough · 1995: Hermann Anton Haus · 1996: James Flanagan e Chandra Kumar Patel · 1998: Eli Ruckenstein · 1999: Kenneth N. Stevens
Década de 2000	2000: Yuan-Cheng Fung · 2001: Andreas Acrivos · 2002: Leo Beranek · 2003: John Prausnitz · 2004: Edwin Lightfoot · 2005: Jan Achenbach e Tobin Marks · 2006: Robert Langer · 2007: David Wineland · 2008: Rudolf Kalman · 2009: Amnon Yariv
Década de 2010	2010: Shu Chien · 2011: John Bannister Goodenough · 2014: Thomas Kailath

Ciências Matemáticas, Estatísticas e Computacionais

Década de 1960	1963: Norbert Wiener · 1964: Solomon Lefschetz e Marston Morse · 1965: Oscar Zariski · 1966: John Milnor · 1967: Paul Cohen · 1968: Jerzy Neyman · 1969: William Feller
Década de 1970	1970: Richard Brauer · 1973: John Tukey · 1974: Kurt Gödel · 1975: John Backus, Shiing-Shen Chern e George Dantzig · 1976: Kurt Otto Friedrichs e Hassler Whitney · 1979: Joseph Leo Doob e Donald Knuth
Década de 1980	1982: Marshall Harvey Stone · 1983: Herman Goldstine e Isadore Singer · 1986: Peter Lax e Antoni Zygmund · 1987: Raoul Bott e Michael Freedman · 1988: Ralph Gomory e Joseph Keller · 1989: Samuel Karlin, Saunders Mac Lane e Donald Spencer
Década de 1990	1990: George Carrier, Stephen Kleene e John McCarthy · 1991: Alberto Calderón · 1992: Allen Newell · 1993: Martin Kruskal · 1994: John Cocke · 1995: Louis Nirenberg · 1996: Richard Karp e Stephen Smale · 1997: Shing-Tung Yau · 1998: Cathleen Synge Morawetz · 1999: Felix Browder e Ronald Coifman
Década de 2000	2000: John Griggs Thompson e Karen Uhlenbeck · 2001: Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao e Elias Stein · 2002: James Glimm · 2003: Carl de Boor · 2004: Dennis Sullivan · 2005: Bradley Efron · 2006: Hyman Bass · 2007: Leonard Kleinrock e Andrew Viterbi · 2009: David Mumford
Década de 2010	2010: Richard Alfred Tapia e S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan · 2011: Solomon Wolf Golomb e Barry Mazur · 2014: Alexandre Chorin, David Blackwell (póstuma) · 2015: Michael Artin

Ciências Físicas

Década de 1960	1963: Luis Walter Alvarez · 1964: Julian Schwinger, Harold Clayton Urey e Robert Burns Woodward · 1965: John Bardeen, Peter Debye, Leon Max Lederman e William Walden Rubey · 1966: Jacob Bjerknes, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Henry Eyring, John Hasbrouck Van Vleck e Vladimir Zworykin · 1967: Jesse Beams, Francis Birch, Gregory Breit · Louis Plack Hammett e George Kistiakowsky · 1968: Paul Doughty Bartlett, Herbert Friedman, Lars Onsager e Eugene Paul Wigner · 1969: Herbert Charles Brown e Wolfgang Panofsky
Década de 1970	1970: Robert Henry Dicke, Allan Rex Sandage, John Clarke Slater, John Archibald Wheeler e Saul Winstein · 1973: Carl Djerassi, William Maurice Ewing, Arie Jan Haagen-Smit, Vladimir Haensel, Frederick Seitz e Robert Rathbun Wilson · 1974: Nicolaas Bloembergen, Paul John Flory, William Alfred Fowler, Linus Pauling e Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer · 1975: Hans Bethe, Joseph Hirschfelder, Lewis Hastings Sarett, Edgar Bright Wilson e Chien-Shiung Wu · 1976: Samuel Abraham Goudsmit, Herbert S. Gutowsky, Frederick Rossini, Verner Suomi, Henry Taube e George Eugene Uhlenbeck · 1979: Richard Feynman, Hermann Mark, Edward Mills Purcell, John Sinfelt, Lyman Spitzer e Victor Weisskopf
Década de 1980	1982: Philip Warren Anderson, Yoichiro Nambu, Edward Teller e Charles Hard Townes · 1983: Margaret Burbidge, Maurice Goldhaber, Helmut Landsberg, Walter Munk, Frederick Reines, Bruno Rossi e John Robert Schrieffer · 1986: Solomon Buchsbaum, Horace Crane, Herman Feshbach, Robert Hofstadter e Chen Ning Yang · 1987: Philip Abelson, Walter Elsasser, Paul Christian Lauterbur, George Pake e James Van Allen · 1988: David Allan Bromley, Chu Ching-wu, Walter Kohn, Norman Foster Ramsey, Jack Steinberger · 1989: Arnold Orville Beckman, Eugene Parker, Robert Sharp e Henry Stommel
Década de 1990	1990: Allan Cormack, Edwin Mattison McMillan, Robert Pound e Roger Revelle · 1991: Arthur Schawlow, Ed Stone e Steven Weinberg · 1992: Eugene Shoemaker · 1993: Val Logsdon Fitch e Vera Rubin · 1994: Albert Overhauser e Frank Press · 1995: Hans Georg Dehmelt e Peter Goldreich · 1996: Wallace Smith Broecker · 1997: Marshall Rosenbluth, Martin Schwarzschild e George Wetherill · 1998: Don Lorraine Anderson e John Norris Bahcall · 1999: James Watson Cronin e Leo Kadanoff
Década de 2000	2000: Willis Eugene Lamb, Jeremiah Paul Ostriker e Gilbert Fowler White · 2001: Marvin Cohen, Raymond Davis Jr. e Charles Keeling · 2002: Richard Garwin, William Jason Morgan e Edward Witten · 2003: Brent Dalrymple, Riccardo Giacconi · 2004: Robert N. Clayton · 2005: Ralph Alpher e Lonnie Thompson · 2006: Daniel Kleppner · 2007: Fay Ajzenberg-Selove e Charles Pence Slichter · 2008: Berni Alder e James Gunn · 2009: Yakir Aharonov, Esther Marley Conwell e Warren Washington
Década de 2010	2011: Sidney Drell, Sandra Faber, Sylvester James Gates · 2012: Burton Richter, Sean Solomon · 2014: Shirley Ann Jackson

v d e Prêmio Richard E. Bellman
1979–2000	1979 Hendrik Wade Bode 1980 Nathaniel Nichols 1981 Charles Stark Draper 1982 Irving Lefkowitz 1983 John Valentine Breakwell 1984 Richard E. Bellman 1985 Harold Chestnut 1986 John Zaborszky 1987 John C. Lozier 1988 Walter Richard Evans 1989 Roger Ware Brockett 1990 Arthur Earl Bryson 1991 John Truxal 1992 Rutherford Aris 1993 Eliahu Ibraham Jury 1994 Jose Bejar Cruz 1995 Michael Athans 1996 Elmer Grant Gilbert 1997 Rudolf Kalman 1998 Lotfali Askar-Zadeh 1999 Yu-Chi Ho 2000 Willis Harmon Ray
2001–presente	2001 Arun Balakrishnan 2002 Petar Kokotovic 2003 Kumpati Narendra 2004 Harold J. Kushner 2005 Gene Franklin 2006 Tamer Başar 2007 Sanjoy Kumar Mitter 2008 Pravin Varaiya 2009 George Leitmann 2110 Dragoslav Šiljak 2011 Manfred Morari 2012 Arthur J. Krener 2013 A. Stephen Morse 2014 Dimitri Bertsekas 2015 Thomas F. Edgar 2016 Jason Speyer 2017 John Baras 2018 Masayoshi Tomizuka

Prêmio Richard E. Bellman

1979–2000

1979 Hendrik Wade Bode 1980 Nathaniel Nichols 1981 Charles Stark Draper 1982 Irving Lefkowitz 1983 John Valentine Breakwell 1984 Richard E. Bellman 1985 Harold Chestnut 1986 John Zaborszky 1987 John C. Lozier 1988 Walter Richard Evans 1989 Roger Ware Brockett 1990 Arthur Earl Bryson 1991 John Truxal 1992 Rutherford Aris 1993 Eliahu Ibraham Jury 1994 Jose Bejar Cruz 1995 Michael Athans 1996 Elmer Grant Gilbert 1997 Rudolf Kalman 1998 Lotfali Askar-Zadeh 1999 Yu-Chi Ho 2000 Willis Harmon Ray

2001–presente

2001 Arun Balakrishnan 2002 Petar Kokotovic 2003 Kumpati Narendra 2004 Harold J. Kushner 2005 Gene Franklin 2006 Tamer Başar 2007 Sanjoy Kumar Mitter 2008 Pravin Varaiya 2009 George Leitmann 2110 Dragoslav Šiljak 2011 Manfred Morari 2012 Arthur J. Krener 2013 A. Stephen Morse 2014 Dimitri Bertsekas 2015 Thomas F. Edgar 2016 Jason Speyer 2017 John Baras 2018 Masayoshi Tomizuka

Controle de autoridade	: Q41378 WorldCat VIAF: 114455506 CiNii: DA09221279 EBID: ID FAST: 177525 GND: 1081402393 ISNI: ID LCCN: n86832446 MGP: 67688 NUKAT: n2011150184 SNAC: w6542qhx SUDOC: 248581899 Catálogo SHARE: 2864