Cruzador blindado

Cruzador couraçado português Vasco da Gama

O cruzador blindado ou cruzador couraçado é um tipo de cruzador, um navio de guerra. É protegido por uma cinta lateral blindada, além do convés blindado e casamatas carvoeiras protegidas. Os cruzadores blindados foram os principais combatentes de duas batalhas navais - a Batalha de Ulsan na Guerra Russo-Japonesa, e a Batalha de Coronel na I Guerra Mundial - e desempenharam importantes papéis de apoio em outras batalhas da época.

História

O cruzador blindado foi desenvolvido na década de 1870 como uma tentativa de combinar as virtudes do navio de guerra blindado e os cruzadores rápidos e de longo alcance, mas sem armadura, da época. Tal navio era desejável para proteger o comércio exterior e, especialmente para os franceses e britânicos, para policiar seus vastos impérios estrangeiros. A preocupação nos círculos navais mais elevados era que, sem navios que pudessem atender a esses requisitos e incorporar novas tecnologias, sua frota se tornaria obsoleta e ineficaz se surgisse uma guerra no mar.[1]

O desenvolvimento do projétil explosivo em meados da década de 1880 tornou o uso de navios blindados inevitável, apesar do custo e peso. Os cruzadores blindados começaram a surgir nas maiores marinhas ocidentais por volta de 1873 e o tipo continuou a ser construído até 1908. Por esta época, foram rapidamente superados pelos novos navios de guerra "totalmente armados de grandes canhões" do tipo-dreadnought, mais especificamente, pelos cruzadores de batalha, que sairiam-se melhor em todos os aspectos, e a partir de então sucederam os cruzadores blindados.

Ver também

  • Cruzador desprotegido

Referências

  1. ↑ Osborne, p. 28; Sandler, p. 53.

Bibliografia

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  • Breyer, Siegfried (1973). Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World 1905–1970. Alfred Kurti (trans.). London: Macdonal and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-04191-3 
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  • Gardiner, Robert; Lambert, Andrew (2001). Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship, 1815–1905. [S.l.]: Book Sales. ISBN 0-7858-1413-2 
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