Potres u Tangshanu 1976.

Potres u Tangšanu 1976.
Datum A: 27. juli 1976. 19:42:55;
B: 28. juli 1976. 10:45:36
Magnituda A: 7,6 Mw; 7,6 Ms[1]
B: 7,0 Mw; 7,4 Ms[2]
Dubina A: 12.2 km[1]
B: 16.7 km[2]
Lokacija epicentra 39°38′N 118°06′E / 39.63°N 118.10°E / 39.63; 118.10 39°43′N 118°26′E / 39.72°N 118.44°E / 39.72; 118.44
Tip doublet
Pogođene
zemlje/oblasti 		Hebei provincija, Narodna Republika Kina
Ukupna šteta 10 milijardi kineskih juan
Maks. intenzitet XI (ekstrem)
Žrtve 242.419[3]

Tangšanski zemljotres 1976, takođe poznat kao Veliki tangšanski zemljotres (kin. 唐山大地震, Tángshān dà dìzhèn),[4] bila je prirodna katastrofa usled zemljotresa od 7,6 Mw koji je 28. jula 1976. u 3:42 ujutro pogodio region oko Tangšana, u provinciji Hebei, u Narodnoj Republici Kini. Za nekoliko minuta grad Tangšan, industrijski grad sa oko milion stanovnika, prestao je da postoji. Osamdeset pet posto zgrada u gradu srušilo se ili je bilo neupotrebljivo, sve službe su propale, a većina drumskih i željezničkih mostova srušila se ili bila ozbiljno oštećena.[5] Najmanje 242.000 ljudi je umrlo (neki tvrde da je bilo tri puta više žrtvi), čineći ovo trećim (ili eventualno drugim) najsmrtonosnijim zemljotresom u zabeleženoj istoriji nakon potresa u Shaanxiu 1556. godine, koji je i dalje najsmrtonosniji potres u istoriji.[6]

Tangšanska katastrofa je bila najistaknutija od nekoliko 1976. godine, što bi u kineskoj tradiciji moglo da signalizira da je vlada izgubila politički legitimitet.[7] Zemljotres u Tangšanu takođe se javio bez upozorenja, podrivajući ključni stav maoističke ideologije, da se zemljotresi mogu predvideti.[8] Uprkos tome, odgovor vlade pokazao je da je spremna i kompetentna za brzo pružanje pomoći.[9]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 ISC-EHB Event 711732 [IRIS]
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 ISC-EHB Event 711773 [IRIS]
  3. ↑ Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988
  4. ↑ So-called by numerous sources, of which the voluminous work edited by Housner & He (2002) is the most notable.
  5. ↑ Housner & He 2002, Prologue
  6. ↑ See the #Death toll section for the various fatality figures.
  7. ↑ Yeoh 2010: str. 273; Press et al. 1975: str. 879. Yeoh called the Tangshan earthquake "[p]robably one of the deadliest wraths of nature in modern times".
  8. ↑ Cha 1976: str. 7
  9. ↑ Raleigh et al. 1977: str. 259

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Vanjske veze

Potres u Tangshanu 1976. na Wikimedijinoj ostavi
  • "Integration of Public Administration and Earthquake Science: The Best Practice Case of Qinglong County" at GlobalWatch.org
  • An isoseismal map (showing the different zones of shaking intensity) of the Tangshan earthquakeArhivirano 2020-11-28 na Wayback Machine-u
  • Report on The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: English translation of an extensive Chinese report from 1986.
  • Knotts, Joey (5. 12. 2019). „Beijing Tremors a Ghostly Reminder of Catastrophic 1976 Tangshan Quake”. The Beijinger. 
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