GPR4

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

GPR4

Identifiers

Aliases

GPR4, G protein-coupled receptor 4, GPR6C.l

External IDs

OMIM: 600551 MGI: 2441992 HomoloGene: 3867 GeneCards: GPR4

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)^[1]

Band	19q13.32	Start	45,589,764 bp^[1]
Band	19q13.32	End	45,602,212 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)^[2]

Band	7\|7 A3	Start	18,946,463 bp^[2]
Band	7\|7 A3	End	18,958,099 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

upper lobe of left lung

right lung

left lobe of thyroid gland

right lobe of thyroid gland

left ventricle

pericardium

subcutaneous adipose tissue

tibial nerve

internal globus pallidus

left uterine tube

Top expressed in

molar

otolith organ

utricle

habenula

myocardium of ventricle

medial dorsal nucleus

seminiferous tubule

brown adipose tissue

thoracic diaphragm

right lung

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	signal transducer activity G protein-coupled receptor activity
Cellular component	integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane
Biological process	negative regulation of angiogenesis angiogenesis involved in wound healing G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway glomerular mesangial cell development signal transduction response to acidic pH positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled signaling pathway
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


2828


319197

Ensembl


ENSG00000177464


ENSMUSG00000044317

UniProt


P46093


Q8BUD0

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_005282


NM_175668

RefSeq (protein)


NP_005273


NP_783599

Location (UCSC)

Chr 19: 45.59 – 45.6 Mb

Chr 7: 18.95 – 18.96 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

G-protein coupled receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR4 gene.^[5]^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177464 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044317 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mahadevan MS, Baird S, Bailly JE, Shutler GG, Sabourin LA, Tsilfidis C, Neville CE, Narang M, Korneluk RG (Apr 1996). "Isolation of a novel G protein-coupled receptor (GPR4) localized to chromosome 19q13.3". Genomics. 30 (1): 84–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.0013. PMID 8595909.
^ "Entrez Gene: GPR4 G protein-coupled receptor 4".

An S, Tsai C, Goetzl EJ (1996). "Cloning, sequencing and tissue distribution of two related G protein-coupled receptor candidates expressed prominently in human lung tissue". FEBS Lett. 375 (1–2): 121–4. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)01196-L. PMID 7498459. S2CID 9845527.
Heiber M, Docherty JM, Shah G, Nguyen T, Cheng R, Heng HH, Marchese A, Tsui LC, Shi X (1995). "Isolation of three novel human genes encoding G protein-coupled receptors". DNA Cell Biol. 14 (1): 25–35. doi:10.1089/dna.1995.14.25. PMID 7832990.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Lum H, Qiao J, Walter RJ, Huang F, Subbaiah PV, Kim KS, Holian O (2003). "Inflammatory stress increases receptor for lysophosphatidylcholine in human microvascular endothelial cells". Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 285 (4): H1786–9. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00359.2003. PMID 12805023.
Ludwig MG, Vanek M, Guerini D, Gasser JA, Jones CE, Junker U, Hofstetter H, Wolf RM, Seuwen K (2003). "Proton-sensing G-protein-coupled receptors". Nature. 425 (6953): 93–8. Bibcode:2003Natur.425...93L. doi:10.1038/nature01905. PMID 12955148. S2CID 4395698.
Bektas M, Barak LS, Jolly PS, Liu H, Lynch KR, Lacana E, Suhr KB, Milstien S, Spiegel S (2003). "The G protein-coupled receptor GPR4 suppresses ERK activation in a ligand-independent manner". Biochemistry. 42 (42): 12181–91. doi:10.1021/bi035051y. PMID 14567679.
Sin WC, Zhang Y, Zhong W, Adhikarakunnathu S, Powers S, Hoey T, An S, Yang J (2004). "G protein-coupled receptors GPR4 and TDAG8 are oncogenic and overexpressed in human cancers". Oncogene. 23 (37): 6299–303. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207838. PMID 15221007. S2CID 23448180.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Kim KS, Ren J, Jiang Y, Ebrahem Q, Tipps R, Cristina K, Xiao YJ, Qiao J, Taylor KL (2005). "GPR4 plays a critical role in endothelial cell function and mediates the effects of sphingosylphosphorylcholine". FASEB J. 19 (7): 819–21. doi:10.1096/fj.04-2988fje. PMID 15857892. S2CID 23640250.
Qiao J, Huang F, Naikawadi RP, Kim KS, Said T, Lum H (2006). "Lysophosphatidylcholine impairs endothelial barrier function through the G protein-coupled receptor GPR4". Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 291 (1): L91–101. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00508.2005. PMID 16461426. S2CID 25149978.
Huang F, Mehta D, Predescu S, Kim K, Lum H (2007). "A novel lysophospholipid- and pH-sensitive receptor, GPR4, in brain endothelial cells regulates monocyte transmigration". Endothelium. 14 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1080/10623320601177288. PMID 17364894.
Zou Y, Kim CH, Chung JH, Kim JY, Chung SW, Kim MK, Im DS, Lee J, Yu BP (2007). "Upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules by lysophosphatidylcholine. Involvement of G protein-coupled receptor GPR4". FEBS J. 274 (10): 2573–84. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05792.x. PMID 17437524. S2CID 83245004.
Tobo M, Tomura H, Mogi C, Wang J, Liu J, Komachi M, Damirin A, Kimura T, Murata N (2007). "Previously postulated "ligand-independent" signaling of GPR4 is mediated through proton-sensing mechanisms". Cell. Signal. 19 (8): 1745–53. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.03.009. PMID 17462861.

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)