Nick Holonyak
| Nick Holonyak | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conhecido(a) por | inventar o diodo emissor de luz (LED) |
| Nascimento | 3 de novembro de 1928 Zeigler, Illinois |
| Morte | 18 de setembro de 2022 (93 anos) Urbana, Illinois |
| Nacionalidade | estadunidense |
| Alma mater | Universidade de Illinois em Urbana-Champaign |
| Prêmios | Medalha Edison IEEE (1989), Medalha Nacional de Ciências (1990), Prêmio Charles Hard Townes (1992), Prêmio Japão (1995), Medalha Nacional de Tecnologia e Inovação (2002), Medalha de Honra IEEE (2003), Prêmio Lemelson–MIT (2004), Prêmio Washington (2004), National Inventors Hall of Fame (2008), Prêmio Charles Stark Draper (2015) |
| Orientador(es)(as) | John Bardeen |
| Campo(s) | inventor |
Nick Holonyak, Jr. (Zeigler, 3 de novembro de 1928 - Urbana, 18 de setembro de 2022) foi um inventor estadunidense.[1]
Trabalhou como consultor nos laboratórios da General Electric em Syracuse, e é considerado "o pai do diodo emissor de luz". Foi professor de engenharia elétrica e informática na Universidade de Illinois em Urbana-Champaign onde trabalhou desde 1993.[2]
Inventos
É membro da National Academy of Inventors. Além de ser o inventor de LED, Holonyak possui 41 outras patentes. Suas outras invenções incluem o primeiro laser díodo do espectro visível.[3] Também ajudou a criar o primeiro dimmer na General Electric.[4]
Condecorações
- Medalha Edison IEEE, (1989)
- Medalha de Honra IEEE, (2003)
Referências
- ↑ Ahlberg Touchstone, Liz (18 de setembro de 2022). «Nick Holonyak Jr., pioneer of LED lighting, dies». University of Illinois News Bureau. Consultado em 18 de setembro de 2022. Cópia arquivada em 19 de setembro de 2022
- ↑ ECE Illinois - Faculty - John Bardeen Endowed Chair - ECE Illinois - U of I
- ↑ «After Glow». Illinois Alumni Magazine. Maio–junho de 2007
- ↑ Wolinsky, Howard (2 de maio de 2005). «U. of I.'s Holonyak out to take some of Edison's luster». Chicago Sun-Times. Consultado em 29 de julho de 2007 A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos
|fechaacceso=(ajuda)
Ligações externas
- «IEEE Legacies» (em inglês)
- «Nick Holonyak Jr, US National Medal of Technology, 2002» (PDF) (em inglês)
- «Oral History interview transcript with Nick Holonyak, 23 Março de 2005, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives» (em inglês)
| Precedido por Harry George Drickamer e Herbert Earl Grier | Medalha Nacional de Ciências - Engenharia 1990 com Mildred Dresselhaus | Sucedido por George Heilmeier, Luna Leopold e Guyford Stever |
| Precedido por Herbert Kroemer | Medalha de Honra IEEE 2003 | Sucedido por Tadahiro Sekimoto |
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| 1909–1925 | 1909: Elihu Thomson · 1910: Frank Julian Sprague · 1911: George Westinghouse · 1912: William Stanley · 1913: Charles Francis Brush · 1914: Alexander Graham Bell · 1915: Não concedida · 1916: Nikola Tesla · 1917: John Joseph Carty · 1918: Benjamin Garver Lamme · 1919: William Le Roy Emmet · 1920: Michael Pupin · 1921: Cummings Chesney · 1922: Robert Andrews Millikan · 1923: John William Lieb · 1924: John White Howell · 1925: Harris Joseph Ryan |
| 1926–1950 | 1926: Não concedida · 1927: William David Coolidge · 1928: Frank Baldwin Jewett · 1929: Charles Felton Scott · 1930: Frank Conrad · 1931: Edwin Wilbur Rice · 1932: Bancroft Gherardi · 1933: Arthur Edwin Kennelly · 1934: Willis Rodney Whitney · 1935: Lewis B. Stillwell · 1936: Alex Dow · 1937: Gano Dunn · 1938: Dugald Caleb Jackson · 1939: Philip Torchio · 1940: George Ashley Campbell · 1941: John Boswell Whitehead · 1942: Edwin Armstrong · 1943: Vannevar Bush · 1944: Ernst Alexanderson · 1945: Philip Sporn · 1946: Lee De Forest · 1947: Joseph Slepian · 1948: Morris E. Leeds · 1949: Karl B. McEachron · 1950: Otto Bernard Blackwell |
| 1951–1975 | 1951: Charles Wagner · 1952: Vladimir Zworykin · 1953: John F. Peters · 1954: Oliver Ellsworth Buckley · 1955: Leonid A. Umansky · 1956: Comfort A. Adams · 1957: John Hodnette · 1958: Charles Kettering · 1959: James F. Fairman · 1960: Harold Smith Osborne · 1961: William B. Kouwenhoven · 1962: Alexander C. Monteith · 1963: John Robinson Pierce · 1964: Não concedida · 1965: Walker Lee Cisler · 1966: Wilmer Lanier Barrow · 1967: George Harold Brown · 1968: Charles F. Avila · 1969: Hendrik Wade Bode · 1970: Howard Aiken · 1971: John Wistar Simpson · 1972: William Hayward Pickering · 1973: Bernard Tellegen · 1974: Jan A. Rajchman · 1975: Sidney Darlington |
| 1976–2000 | 1976: Murray Joslin · 1977: Henri Busignies · 1978: Daniel E. Noble · 1979: Albert Rose · 1980: Robert Adler · 1981: C. Chapin Cutler · 1982: Nathan Cohn · 1983: Herman P. Schwan · 1984: Eugene Irving Gordon · 1985: John D. Kraus · 1986: James Flanagan · 1987: Robert A. Henle · 1988: James Ross MacDonald · 1989: Nick Holonyak · 1990: Archie W. Straiton · 1991: John Louis Moll · 1992: Dave Forney · 1993: James Herbert Pomerene · 1994: Leslie A. Geddes · 1995: Robert W. Lucky · 1996: Floyd Dunn · 1997: Esther Marley Conwell · 1998: Rolf Landauer · 1999: Kees Schouhamer Immink · 2000: Jun-ichi Nishizawa |
| 2001–atualidade | 2001: Robert Heath Dennard · 2002: Edward E. Hammer · 2003: Não concedida · 2004: Federico Capasso · 2005: Peter Lawrenson · 2006: Fawwaz T. Ulaby · 2007: Russell Dean Dupuis · 2008: Dov Frohman · 2009: Tingye Li · 2010: Ray Dolby · 2011: Isamu Akasaki · 2012: Michael Francis Tompsett · 2013: Ivan Paul Kaminow · 2014: Ralph Baer · 2015: James Julius Spilker · 2016: Robert W. Broderson · 2017: Magnus George Craford · 2018: Eli Yablonovitch |
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1985: John Robinson Pierce e Ephraim Katzir 1986: David Turnbull e Willem Johan Kolff 1987: Henry Beachell, Gurdev S. Khush e Theodore Harold Maiman 1988: Georges Vendryes, Donald Henderson, Isao Arita e Frank Fenner; Luc Montagnier e Robert Gallo 1989: Frank Sherwood Rowland; Elias James Corey 1990: Marvin Minsky; William Jason Morgan, Dan Peter McKenzie e Xavier Le Pichon 1991: Jacques-Louis Lions; John Julian Wild 1992: Gerhard Ertl; Ernest John Christopher Polge 1993: Frank Press; Kary Mullis 1994: William Hayward Pickering; Arvid Carlsson 1995: Nick Holonyak; Edward Fred Knipling 1996: Charles Kao; Masao Ito 1997: Takashi Sugimura e Bruce Ames; Joseph Engelberger e Hiroyuki Yoshikawa 1998: Leo Esaki; Jozef Schell e Marc Van Montagu 1999: William Wesley Peterson; Jack Leonard Strominger e Don Craig Wiley 2000: Ian McHarg; Kimishige Ishizaka 2001: John Bannister Goodenough; Timothy Richard Parsons 2002: Tim Berners-Lee; Anne McLaren e Andrzej Tarkowski 2003: Benoît Mandelbrot e James Yorke; Seiji Ogawa 2004: Kenichi Honda e Akira Fujishima; Keith Sainsbury; John Lawton 2005: Makoto Nagao; Masatoshi Takeichi e Erkki Ruoslahti 2006: John Houghton; Akira Endo 2007: Albert Fert e Peter Grünberg; Peter Shaw Ashton 2008: Vint Cerf e Robert Kahn; Victor Almon McKusick 2009: Dennis Meadows; David Kuhl 2010: hun’ichi Iwasaki; Peter Vitousek 2011: Ken Thompson e Dennis Ritchie; Tadamitsu Kishimoto e Toshio Hirano 2012: Janet Rowley, Brian Druker e Nicholas Lydon; Masato Sagawa 2013: C. Grant Willson e Jean M. J. Fréchet; John Frederick Grassle 2014: Yasuharu Suematsu; C. David Allis 2015: Yutaka Takahasi; Theodore Friedmann e Alain Fischer 2016: Hideo Hosono; Steven D. Tanksley 2017: Emmanuelle Charpentier e Jennifer Doudna; Adi Shamir 2018: Akira Yoshino; Max Dale Cooper e Jacques Miller |
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| 1985 | Bell Labs · Fred Brooks, Erich Bloch e Bob Overton Evans · Steve Jobs e Steve Wozniak · Marvin M. Johnson · Ralph Landau · John T. Parsons e Frank L. Stulen · Harold Rosen e Allen E. Puckett · Joseph F. Sutter |
| 1986 | Bernard Marshall Gordon · Reynold B. Johnson · Frank Piasecki |
| 1987 | |
| 1988 | |
| 1989 | Herbert Boyer e Stanley Norman Cohen · Helen T. Edwards, Richard A. Lundy, J. Ritchie Orr e Alvin Tollestrup |
| 1990 | |
| 1991 | |
| 1992 | |
| 1993 | |
| 1994 | |
| 1995 | Alejandro Zaffaroni |
| 1996 | |
| 1997 | |
| 1998 | |
| 1999 | Robert Taylor |
| 2000 | |
| 2001 | |
| 2002 | Carl Donald Keith e John J. Mooney · Nick Holonyak |
| 2003 | |
| 2004 | Ralph Baer · Roger Easton, Sr. |
| 2005 | Ronald J. Eby, Maya Koster, Dace Viceps Madore e Velupillai Puvanesarajah · Dean L. Sicking · Alfred Yi Cho |
| 2006 | Leslie A. Geddes · Paul G. Kaminski · Herwig Kogelnik · Charles M. Vest · James Edward Maceo West |
| 2007 | Paul Baran · Roscoe Brady · David N. Cutler · Armand Feigenbaum · Adam Heller · Carlton Grant Willson |
| 2008 | Forrest Bird · Esther Sans Takeuchi · John Warnock e Charles Geschke |
| 2009 | |
| 2010 | Rakesh Agrawal · B. Jayant Baliga · Charles Donald Bateman · Yvonne Brill · Michael Francis Tompsett |
| 2011 | Frances Arnold · Arthur Rosenfeld · George Robert Carruthers · Robert Langer · Gholam A. Peyman · Samuel Emil Blum · Rangaswamy Srinivasan · James Wynne · BBN Technologies |
| 2014 | Charles Bachman · Edith Marie Flanigen · Thomas Fogarty · Eli Harari · Arthur Levinson · Cherry Murray · Mary Shaw · Douglas Lowy, John T. Schiller |
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| 1917–1925 | 1917: Edwin Armstrong · 1919: Ernst Alexanderson · 1920: Guglielmo Marconi · 1921: Reginald Fessenden · 1922: Lee De Forest · 1923: John Stone Stone · 1924: Michael Pupin |
| 1926–1950 | 1926: Greenleaf Whittier Pickard · 1927: Louis Winslow Austin · 1928: Jonathan Zenneck · 1929: George Washington Pierce · 1930: Peder Oluf Pedersen · 1931: Gustave-Auguste Ferrié · 1932: Arthur Edwin Kennelly · 1933: John Ambrose Fleming · 1934: Stanford Caldwell Hooper · 1935: Balthasar van der Pol · 1936: George Ashley Campbell · 1937: Melville Eastham · 1938: John Howard Dellinger · 1939: Albert G. Lee · 1940: Lloyd Espenschied · 1941: Alfred Norton Goldsmith · 1942: Albert Hoyt Taylor · 1943: William Wilson · 1944: Haraden Pratt · 1945: Harold Henry Beverage · 1946: Ralph Hartley · 1948: Lawrence Christopher Frank Horle · 1949: Ralph Bown · 1950: Frederick Terman |
| 1951–1975 | 1951: Vladimir Zworykin · 1952: Walter Ransom Gail Baker · 1953: John Milton Miller · 1954: William Littell Everitt · 1955: Harald Trap Friis · 1956: John Vincent Lawless Hogan · 1957: Julius Adams Stratton · 1958: Albert Hull · 1959: Emory Leon Chaffee · 1960: Harry Nyquist · 1961: Ernst Guillemin · 1962: Edward Appleton · 1963: George Clark Southworth · 1964: Harold Alden Wheeler · 1966: Claude Shannon · 1967: Charles Hard Townes · 1968: Gordon Kidd Teal · 1969: Edward Ginzton · 1970: Dennis Gabor · 1971: John Bardeen · 1972: Jay Wright Forrester · 1973: Rudolf Kompfner · 1974: Rudolf Kalman · 1975: John Robinson Pierce |
| 1976–2000 | 1977: Henry Earle Vaughan · 1978: Robert Noyce · 1979: Richard Bellman · 1980: William Bradford Shockley · 1981: Sidney Darlington · 1982: John Tukey · 1983: Nicolaas Bloembergen · 1984: Norman Foster Ramsey · 1985: John Roy Whinnery · 1986: Jack Kilby · 1987: Paul Christian Lauterbur · 1988: Calvin Quate · 1989: Chandra Kumar Patel · 1990: Robert Gray Gallager · 1991: Leo Esaki · 1992: Amos Edward Joel · 1993: Karl Johan Åström · 1994: Alfred Yi Cho · 1995: Lotfali Askar-Zadeh · 1996: Robert Metcalfe · 1997: George Heilmeier · 1998: Donald Pederson · 1999: Charles Concordia · 2000: Andrew Grove |
| 2001–atualidade | 2001: Herwig Kogelnik · 2002: Herbert Kroemer · 2003: Nick Holonyak · 2004: Tadahiro Sekimoto · 2005: James Flanagan · 2006: James Meindl · 2007: Thomas Kailath · 2008: Gordon Moore · 2009: Robert Heath Dennard · 2010: Andrew Viterbi · 2011: Morris Chang · 2012: John LeRoy Hennessy · 2013: Irwin Mark Jacobs · 2014: Jayant Baliga · 2015: Mildred Dresselhaus · 2016: Dave Forney · 2017: Kees Schouhamer Immink · 2018: Bradford Parkinson · 2019: Kurt Petersen · 2020: Chenming Hu · 2021: Jacob Ziv |
Prêmio Lemelson–MIT | |
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1995: William Bolander, Bill Hewlett, David Packard, Thomas Massie · 1996: Stanley Norman Cohen, Herbert Boyer, Wilson Greatbatch, David H. Levy · 1997: Douglas Engelbart, Gertrude Elion, Nathan Kane · 1998: Robert Langer, Jacob Rabinow, Akhil Madhani · 1999: Carver Mead, Stephanie Kwolek, Daniel DiLorenzo, Krysta Morlan · 2000: Thomas Fogarty, Al Gross, Amy Smith, Charles Johnson, Michael Lim, Jalal Khan, Thomas Murphy · 2001: Raymond Kurzweil, Raymond Vahan Damadian, Brian Hubert, Jordan Sand · 2002: Dean Kamen, Ruth Rogan Benerito, Andrew Heafitz, Kavita Shukla · 2003: Leroy Hood, William Murphy, Jr, James McLurkin · 2004: Nick Holonyak, Edith Marie Flanigen, Saul Griffith · 2005: Woody Norris, Robert Heath Dennard, David Berry · 2006: James Fergason, Sidney Pestka, Carl Dietrich · 2007: Timothy Swager, Lee Lynd, Nathan Ball, Brian Schulkin, Michael Callahan · 2008: Joseph DeSimone, Martin Fisher, Timothy Lu, Martin Schubert, Patrick Walsh · 2009: Chad Mirkin, Joel Selanikio, Geoffrey von Maltzahn, Yuehua Yu, John Wright, Ophir Vermesh · 2010: Carolyn Bertozzi, BP Agrawal · 2011: John Ashley Rogers, Elizabeth Hausler · 2012: Stephen Quake, Ashok Gadgil · 2013: Angela Belcher, Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Maria Oden · 2014: Sangeeta Bhatia · 2015: Jay Whitacre · 2016: Ramesh Raskar |
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